Fontana Giovanni A
Department of Critical Care, University of Florence, Viale G B Morgagni, Florence, Italy.
Lung. 2008;186 Suppl 1:S3-6. doi: 10.1007/s00408-007-9036-8. Epub 2007 Oct 2.
Cough is an airway defensive reflex consisting of an inspiratory phase followed by a forced expiratory effort initially against a closed glottis, followed by active glottal opening and rapid expiratory flow. The expiration reflex (ER) differentiates from cough for the lack of a preparatory inspiration. The reflexes subserve different functions: cough will clear the lower airways from debris and mucus, while the expiration reflex will prevent aspiration. Clinically, a cough epoch is a sequence of motor acts resulting from a combination of true coughs and ERs that need to be accurately identified and measured for adequate quantitative description.
咳嗽是一种气道防御反射,包括吸气期,随后是最初针对关闭的声门的用力呼气动作,接着是声门主动开放和快速呼气气流。呼气反射(ER)与咳嗽的区别在于缺乏预备性吸气。这些反射具有不同的功能:咳嗽可清除下呼吸道的碎屑和黏液,而呼气反射可防止误吸。临床上,咳嗽发作是由真正的咳嗽和呼气反射组合产生的一系列运动行为,为了进行充分的定量描述,需要对其进行准确识别和测量。