Yang Xin-jian, Li Li, Wu Zhong-xue
Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2007 Oct;8(10):697-703. doi: 10.1631/jzus.2007.B0697.
An ideal aneurysm model of cerebral aneurysm is of great importance for studying the pathogenesis of the lesion and testing new techniques for diagnosis and treatment. Several models have been created in rabbits and are now widely used in experimental studies; however, every model has certain intrinsic limitations. Here we report the development of a novel saccular aneurysm model in rabbits using an arterial pouch that is subject to in vitro pre-digestion with combined elastase and collagenase.
A segment of right common carotid artery (CCA) was dissected out and treated with elastase (60 U/ml, 20 min) followed by type I collagenase (1 mg/ml, 15 min) in vitro. The graft was anastomosed to an arterial arch built with the left CCA and the remaining right CCA, while the other end of the graft was ligated. The dimension and tissue structure of the pouch were analysed immediately, 2 or 8 weeks after operation.
Ten terminal aneurysms were produced. The gross morphology of the aneurysm resembles the human cerebral terminal aneurysms. We have observed the following pathological changes: (1) growth of the aneurysm (mean diameter increased from (2.0+/-0.1) to (3.2+/-0.3) mm at 2 weeks, P<0.001, n=7-10); (2) thinning of the aneurysmal wall (the mean wall thickness decreased to 44% at 2 weeks), which was accompanied by significant losses of elastic fibres, collagen and the cellular component; and (3) spontaneous rupture (3 out of 9, one aneurysm ruptured 24 h after operation with the other two at 2 and 4 weeks respectively).
This rabbit arterial pouch model mimics human cerebral aneurysms in relation to morphology and histology. In particular, this model exhibited an increased tendency of spontaneous rupture.
理想的脑动脉瘤模型对于研究该病变的发病机制以及测试新的诊断和治疗技术至关重要。已经在兔子身上创建了几种模型，目前广泛应用于实验研究；然而，每种模型都有一定的内在局限性。在此，我们报告一种新型兔囊状动脉瘤模型的建立，该模型使用动脉袋，并在体外先用弹性蛋白酶和胶原酶联合进行预消化。
解剖出一段右侧颈总动脉（CCA），体外先用弹性蛋白酶（60 U/ml，20分钟）处理，接着用I型胶原酶（1 mg/ml，15分钟）处理。将移植血管与由左侧颈总动脉和剩余右侧颈总动脉构建的动脉弓进行吻合，同时结扎移植血管的另一端。在术后即刻、2周或8周分析袋的尺寸和组织结构。
产生了10个终末动脉瘤。动脉瘤的大体形态类似于人类脑终末动脉瘤。我们观察到以下病理变化：（1）动脉瘤生长（2周时平均直径从（2.0±0.1）mm增加到（3.2±0.3）mm，P<0.001，n = 7 - 10）；（2）动脉瘤壁变薄（2周时平均壁厚降至44%），同时伴有弹性纤维、胶原蛋白和细胞成分的显著丢失；（3）自发破裂（9个中有3个，1个动脉瘤在术后24小时破裂，另外2个分别在2周和4周破裂）。
该兔动脉袋模型在形态学和组织学方面模拟了人类脑动脉瘤。特别是，该模型表现出自发破裂倾向增加。
