Unger Jennifer B, Ritt-Olson Anamara, Soto Daniel W, Baezconde-Garbanati Lourdes
Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2009 Jun;11(3):149-57. doi: 10.1007/s10903-007-9083-5. Epub 2007 Oct 7.
Theories of acculturation predict that discrepancies in cultural orientation between adolescents and their parents will increase the adolescents' risk for behavior problems such as substance use. This study evaluated this hypothesis in a sample of 1772 Hispanic 9th grade students in Southern California. Parent-child discrepancy in U.S. orientation (defined as the difference between the child's U.S. orientation and the child's perception of the parents' U.S. orientation) was a risk factor for past-month smoking, lifetime and past-month alcohol use, and lifetime and past-month marijuana use. Parent-child discrepancy in Hispanic orientation (defined as the difference between the child's Hispanic orientation and the child's perception of the parents' Hispanic orientation) was a risk factor for lifetime and past-month alcohol and marijuana use. The adolescents' own Hispanic orientation was protective against lifetime and past-month smoking and marijuana use, but not alcohol use. In an analysis of mediation, U.S. acculturation discrepancy was associated with lower levels of family cohesion, which in turn was associated with higher levels of substance use. Results suggest that family-based interventions for acculturating and bicultural Hispanic families may be useful in decreasing the likelihood of substance use among Hispanic adolescents.
文化适应理论预测，青少年与其父母在文化取向上的差异会增加青少年出现诸如物质使用等行为问题的风险。本研究在南加州1772名九年级西班牙裔学生样本中对这一假设进行了评估。美国取向方面的亲子差异（定义为孩子的美国取向与孩子对父母美国取向的认知之间的差异）是过去一个月吸烟、终生及过去一个月饮酒、终生及过去一个月使用大麻的一个风险因素。西班牙裔取向方面的亲子差异（定义为孩子的西班牙裔取向与孩子对父母西班牙裔取向的认知之间的差异）是终生及过去一个月饮酒和使用大麻的一个风险因素。青少年自身的西班牙裔取向对终生及过去一个月吸烟和使用大麻具有保护作用，但对饮酒没有保护作用。在一项中介分析中，美国文化适应差异与较低水平的家庭凝聚力相关，而家庭凝聚力较低又与较高水平的物质使用相关。结果表明，针对正在进行文化适应的和双文化的西班牙裔家庭开展基于家庭的干预措施，可能有助于降低西班牙裔青少年物质使用的可能性。
