Cooke Nancy J, Gorman Jamie C, Duran Jasmine L, Taylor Amanda R
Applied Psychology, Arizona State University Polytechnic Campus, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA.
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2007 Sep;13(3):146-57. doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.13.3.146.
Team cognition in experienced command-and-control teams is examined in an UAV (Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle) simulation. Five 3-person teams with experience working together in a command-and-control setting were compared to 10 inexperienced teams. Each team participated in five 40-min missions of a simulation in which interdependent team members control a UAV to take reconnaissance photos. Experienced teams exceeded performance of inexperienced teams, suggesting transfer of previous command-and-control experience. Compared to inexperienced teams, experienced teams had fewer errors on process-related training knowledge, superior team process ratings, and communications containing fewer coordination-related utterances. These findings support the view that team cognition emerges through the interactions of team members, that interactions distinguish high-performing teams from average teams, and that these interactions transfer across different tasks.
在无人机模拟中研究了经验丰富的指挥控制团队中的团队认知。将五个在指挥控制环境中有共同工作经验的三人团队与十个无经验的团队进行了比较。每个团队参与了五次时长40分钟的模拟任务,在任务中相互依赖的团队成员控制无人机进行侦察拍照。经验丰富的团队在表现上超过了无经验的团队,这表明先前的指挥控制经验能够迁移。与无经验的团队相比,经验丰富的团队在与流程相关的训练知识上错误更少,团队流程评分更高,且沟通中与协调相关的话语更少。这些发现支持了以下观点:团队认知通过团队成员的互动产生,这些互动将高绩效团队与普通团队区分开来,并且这些互动可以跨不同任务迁移。