Gorman Jamie C, Amazeen Polemnia G, Cooke Nancy J
Arizona State University, USA.
Nonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci. 2010 Jul;14(3):265-89.
Team coordination consists of both the dynamics of team member interaction and the environmental dynamics to which a team is subjected. Focusing on dynamics, an approach is developed that contrasts with traditional aggregate-static concepts of team coordination as characterized by the shared mental model approach. A team coordination order parameter was developed to capture momentary fluctuations in coordination. Team coordination was observed in three-person uninhabited air vehicle teams across two experimental sessions. The dynamics of the order parameter were observed under changes of a team familiarity control parameter. Team members returned for the second session to either the same (Intact) or different (Mixed) team. 'Roadblock' perturbations, or novel changes in the task environment, were introduced in order to probe the stability of team coordination. Nonlinear dynamic methods revealed differences that a traditional approach did not: Intact and Mixed team coordination dynamics looked very different; Mixed teams were more stable than Intact teams and explored the space of solutions without the need for correction. Stability was positively correlated with the number of roadblock perturbations that were overcome successfully. The novel and non-intuitive contribution of a dynamical analysis was that Mixed teams, who did not have a long history working together, were more adaptive. Team coordination dynamics carries new implications for traditional problems such as training adaptive teams.
团队协作既包括团队成员互动的动态过程，也包括团队所处的环境动态。着眼于动态过程，开发了一种与以共享心智模型方法为特征的传统总体静态团队协作概念形成对比的方法。开发了一个团队协作序参量来捕捉协作中的瞬间波动。在两个实验环节中，对三人无人飞行器团队的团队协作进行了观察。在团队熟悉度控制参量变化的情况下，观察序参量的动态变化。团队成员在第二个环节返回原团队（完整团队）或加入不同团队（混合团队）。引入“路障”干扰，即任务环境中的新变化，以探究团队协作的稳定性。非线性动力学方法揭示了传统方法未发现的差异：完整团队和混合团队的协作动态看起来非常不同；混合团队比完整团队更稳定，且无需修正就能探索解决方案空间。稳定性与成功克服的路障干扰数量呈正相关。动力学分析的新颖且非直观的贡献在于，没有长期合作历史的混合团队更具适应性。团队协作动态对诸如训练适应性团队等传统问题具有新的启示。
