Dell'Acqua R, Job R, Peressotti F, Pascali A
Università di Padova, Padova, Italy.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2007 Aug;14(4):717-22. doi: 10.3758/bf03196827.
A psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm was used to isolate the locus of the picture-word interference effect along the chain of processes subtended in name production. Two stimuli were presented sequentially on each trial, separated by a varying stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA). The first stimulus, SI, was a tone that required a manual response. The second stimulus, S2, was a picture-word stimulus associated with picture naming. The distractor word was conceptually related to the picture on half of the trials, and unrelated in the other trials. A picture-word interference effect was found at long SOA, but not at short SOA. Such underadditive interaction between SOA and semantic relatedness suggests strongly that the locus of the picture-word interference effect is functionally earlier than the PRP effect locus. The results are discussed in relation to models of word production suggesting the involvement of central mechanisms in the selection of lexical output.
采用心理不应期（PRP）范式，沿着命名产生过程所涉及的一系列加工环节来分离图词干扰效应的发生位点。每次试验依次呈现两个刺激，二者被不同的刺激呈现间隔（SOA）隔开。第一个刺激S1是一个需要手动反应的音调。第二个刺激S2是与图片命名相关的图词刺激。在一半的试验中，干扰词与图片在概念上相关，而在另一半试验中二者无关。在长SOA时发现了图词干扰效应，但在短SOA时未发现。SOA与语义相关性之间这种非相加性的交互作用强烈表明，图词干扰效应的发生位点在功能上早于PRP效应的发生位点。结合单词产生模型对结果进行了讨论，这些模型表明在词汇输出选择中涉及中枢机制。
