Kawashima H, Tateishi N, Shiraishi A, Teraoka N, Tanaka T, Tanaka A, Matsuda H, Kiso Y
Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Ltd, 1-1-1, Wakayamadai, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618-8503, Japan.
Lipids. 2008 Jan;43(1):37-43. doi: 10.1007/s11745-007-3129-2. Epub 2007 Nov 6.
Disorders of the metabolism of essential fatty acids (EFAs) are related to atopic dermatitis (AD). Concentrations of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), an EFA, in the serum of AD patients are lower than those in healthy volunteers. Recently we developed a fermented DGLA oil, and examined whether oral administration of DGLA prevents development of dermatitis in NC/Nga mice, which spontaneously develop human AD-like skin lesions. NC/Nga mice were fed a diet either containing or not containing DGLA for 8 weeks under in air-uncontrolled conventional circumstances. Clinical skin severity scores were significantly lower in mice fed DGLA than in mice not fed it. Scratching behavior and plasma total IgE levels were also reduced in the DGLA group, in association with histological improvement. DGLA suppressed clinical severity of skin lesions dose-dependently, with an increase in DGLA contents in phospholipids of skin, spleen, and plasma. Discontinuation of DGLA administration resulted in the onset of dermatitis and a decrease in DGLA contents in skin, spleen, and plasma. These findings indicate that oral administration of DGLA effectively prevents the development of AD in NC/Nga mice, and that DGLA in phospholipids is a compound of key importance in the development and prevention of dermatitis.
必需脂肪酸（EFA）代谢紊乱与特应性皮炎（AD）相关。AD患者血清中一种必需脂肪酸——二高-γ-亚麻酸（DGLA）的浓度低于健康志愿者。最近我们研发了一种发酵的DGLA油，并研究了口服DGLA是否能预防NC/Nga小鼠发生皮炎，该小鼠会自发出现类似人类AD的皮肤损伤。在空气未控制的常规环境下，将NC/Nga小鼠喂食含或不含DGLA的饮食8周。喂食DGLA的小鼠临床皮肤严重程度评分显著低于未喂食的小鼠。DGLA组的搔抓行为和血浆总IgE水平也降低，同时组织学有所改善。DGLA剂量依赖性地抑制皮肤损伤的临床严重程度，皮肤、脾脏和血浆磷脂中的DGLA含量增加。停止给予DGLA会导致皮炎发作，皮肤、脾脏和血浆中的DGLA含量降低。这些发现表明，口服DGLA可有效预防NC/Nga小鼠发生AD，且磷脂中的DGLA是皮炎发生和预防中至关重要的化合物。
