Chan C C, Spengler J D, Ozkaynak H, Lefkopoulou M
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1991 Dec;41(12):1594-600. doi: 10.1080/10473289.1991.10466955.
This study examines the commuter's exposure to six gasoline-related volatile organic compounds (VOCs): benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-/p-xylene, o-xylene, and formaldehyde. The VOC concentrations to which commuters were exposed in four different commuting modes (driving, subway, walking, and biking) in Boston, Massachusetts, are compared. The VOC concentrations in participants' homes and offices were also measured. Factors that could influence in-vehicle VOC concentrations, such as different traffic patterns, car model and vehicle ventilation conditions, were also evaluated. Driving a private car was associated with higher VOC concentrations and commuting on urban roadways resulted in the highest VOC concentrations. The use of car heaters resulted in higher in-vehicle VOC concentrations. The longer the subway commuters stayed underground, the higher their VOC exposures. The home-to-work car or subway commute represented about 10 to 20 percent of an individual's total VOC exposure for these compounds.
本研究调查了通勤者接触六种与汽油相关的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的情况，即苯、甲苯、乙苯、间/对二甲苯、邻二甲苯和甲醛。比较了马萨诸塞州波士顿市通勤者在四种不同通勤方式（开车、乘坐地铁、步行和骑自行车）下接触的VOC浓度。还测量了参与者家中和办公室的VOC浓度。对可能影响车内VOC浓度的因素，如不同的交通模式、汽车型号和车辆通风条件，也进行了评估。驾驶私家车与较高的VOC浓度相关，在城市道路上通勤导致的VOC浓度最高。使用汽车加热器会使车内VOC浓度升高。地铁通勤者在地下停留的时间越长，他们接触的VOC就越高。对于这些化合物来说，从家到工作地点开车或乘坐地铁的通勤过程约占个人总VOC接触量的10%至20%。
