Järnström H, Saarela K, Kalliokoski P, Pasanen A-L
VTT, PO Box 1000, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland.
Environ Int. 2008 Apr;34(3):420-7. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2007.09.011. Epub 2007 Nov 7.
Emission rates of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and ammonia measured from six PVC materials and four adhesives in the laboratory were compared to the emission rates measured on site from complete structures. Significantly higher specific emission rates (SERs) were generally measured from the complete structures than from individual materials. There were large differences between different PVC materials in their permeability for VOCs originating from the underlying structure. Glycol ethers and esters from adhesives used in the installation contributed to the emissions from the PVC covered structure. Emissions of 2-ethylhexanol and TXIB (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate) were common. High ammonia SERs were measured from single adhesives but their contribution to the emissions from the complete structure did not appear as obvious as for VOCs. The results indicate that three factors affected the VOC emissions from the PVC flooring on a structure: 1) the permeability of the PVC product for VOCs, 2) the VOC emission from the adhesive used, and 3) the VOC emission from the backside of the PVC product.
在实验室中对六种聚氯乙烯（PVC）材料和四种胶粘剂测得的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）和氨的排放速率，与在完整结构现场测得的排放速率进行了比较。一般来说，完整结构测得的比单个材料的特定排放速率（SERs）要高得多。不同PVC材料对来自下层结构的VOCs的渗透性存在很大差异。安装中使用的胶粘剂中的乙二醇醚和酯促成了PVC覆盖结构的排放。2-乙基己醇和TXIB（2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇二异丁酸酯）的排放很常见。从单一胶粘剂测得的氨SERs较高，但它们对完整结构排放的贡献似乎不如VOCs那么明显。结果表明，有三个因素影响结构上PVC地板的VOC排放：1）PVC产品对VOCs的渗透性，2）所用胶粘剂的VOC排放，3）PVC产品背面的VOC排放。
