Barrera Alvaro, McKenna Peter J, Berrios German E
Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK.
Psychiatry Res. 2008 Jan 15;157(1-3):225-34. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.09.017. Epub 2007 Nov 7.
Information provided by patients and respective carers may help to understand formal thought disorder (FTD) in schizophrenia. Two scales, one for patients (FTD-patient) and one for carers (FTD-carer), were constructed to assess pragmatics, cognitive, paralinguistic, and non-verbal aspects of communication. In the first scale the patients themselves assess their verbal communication; in the second scale the carer assesses the speech of the respective patient. Both scales exhibited internal reliability and evidence of good test-retest reliability. Higher total scores on both scales (FTD-patient and FTD-carer) were significantly associated with positive FTD, but not with negative FTD. Principal component analysis of the scales yielded a multidimensional structure. It is suggested that FTD in schizophrenia may be associated with a range of deficits (e.g. pragmatics, lexical activation, working memory, sustained attention). These scales, in conjunction with the clinician's assessment, can provide a more comprehensive picture of FTD in schizophrenia, revealing its dimensions and making it possible to establish associations between symptoms of FTD and neuropsychological, neurophysiologic, and neuroimaging data. In addition, they provide service users' and carers' perspectives for the assessment of communication in schizophrenia.
患者及其护理人员提供的信息可能有助于理解精神分裂症中的形式思维障碍（FTD）。构建了两个量表，一个用于患者（FTD-患者量表），一个用于护理人员（FTD-护理人员量表），以评估沟通的语用学、认知、副语言和非语言方面。在第一个量表中，患者自己评估他们的言语交流；在第二个量表中，护理人员评估相应患者的言语。两个量表均显示出内部信度以及良好的重测信度证据。两个量表（FTD-患者量表和FTD-护理人员量表）的总分较高与阳性FTD显著相关，但与阴性FTD无关。对量表进行主成分分析得出了一个多维结构。研究表明，精神分裂症中的FTD可能与一系列缺陷有关（例如语用学、词汇激活、工作记忆、持续注意力）。这些量表与临床医生的评估相结合，可以更全面地呈现精神分裂症中的FTD，揭示其维度，并有可能在FTD症状与神经心理学、神经生理学和神经影像学数据之间建立关联。此外，它们为精神分裂症沟通评估提供了服务使用者和护理人员的视角。
