Gygi Brian, Kidd Gary R, Watson Charle S
East Bay Institute for Research and Education, Martinez, California 94533, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 2007 Aug;69(6):839-55. doi: 10.3758/bf03193921.
Four experiments investigated the acoustical correlates of similarity and categorization judgments of environmental sounds. In Experiment 1, similarity ratings were obtained from pairwise comparisons of recordings of 50 environmental sounds. A three-dimensional multidimensional scaling (MDS) solution showed three distinct clusterings of the sounds, which included harmonic sounds, discrete impact sounds, and continuous sounds. Furthermore, sounds from similar sources tended to be in close proximity to each other in the MDS space. The orderings of the sounds on the individual dimensions of the solution were well predicted by linear combinations of acoustic variables, such as harmonicity, amount of silence, and modulation depth. The orderings of sounds also correlated significantly with MDS solutions for similarity ratings of imagined sounds and for imagined sources of sounds, obtained in Experiments 2 and 3--as was the case for free categorization of the 50 sounds (Experiment 4)--although the categorization data were less well predicted by acoustic features than were the similarity data.
四项实验研究了环境声音相似性和分类判断的声学关联。在实验1中，通过对50种环境声音录音进行两两比较获得了相似性评分。一个三维多维标度（MDS）解决方案显示出声音的三种不同聚类，其中包括谐波声音、离散撞击声音和连续声音。此外，来自相似声源的声音在MDS空间中往往彼此靠近。该解决方案各个维度上声音的排序可以通过声学变量的线性组合很好地预测，如谐波性、静音量和调制深度。声音的排序也与实验2和实验3中获得的想象声音相似性评分以及想象声源的MDS解决方案显著相关——50种声音自由分类（实验4）的情况也是如此——尽管分类数据不如相似性数据那样能被声学特征很好地预测。
