Tavichakorntrakool Ratree, Prasongwattana Vitoon, Sriboonlue Pote, Puapairoj Anucha, Wongkham Chaisiri, Wiangsimma Thitichai, Khunkitti Wattana, Triamjangarun Sombat, Tanratanauijit Maneewan, Chamsuwan Amporn, Khunkitti Wirut, Yenchitsomanus Pa-Thai, Thongboonkerd Visith
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Transl Res. 2007 Dec;150(6):357-66. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2007.08.003. Epub 2007 Sep 29.
None of previous studies had simultaneously analyzed the K(+), Na(+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+) contents in human skeletal muscle. We examined extensively and simultaneously the levels of all these cations and examined water content in vastus lateralis and pectoralis major muscles in 30 northeastern Thai men who were apparently healthy but died from an accident. Specimen collection was performed within 6 h of death. We used atomic absorption or flame photometry to measure the level of muscle cation. Histopathology of muscle and kidney was also evaluated. K(+), Na(+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+) contents in vastus lateralis were 84.74 +/- 1.50, 38.64 +/- 0.77, 7.58 +/- 0.17, and 0.94 +/- 0.06 micromol/g wet weight, respectively, whereas K(+), Na(+), and Mg(2+) contents in pectoralis major were 82.83 +/- 1.54, 37.57 +/- 0.72, and 7.30 +/- 0.17 micromol/g wet weight, respectively. The water component was comparable in vastus lateralis and pectoralis major (78.66 +/- 0.41 and 78.09 +/- 0.56 %, respectively). Based on muscle K(+) levels, we divided the subjects into 2 main groups: K(+)-depleted (KD) group (K(+) < 80 micromol/g wet weight; n = 7) and non-K(+)-depleted (NKD) group (K(+) > or = 80 micromol/g wet weight; n = 23). In the KD muscle, Na(+) and Ca(2+) levels were significantly higher, whereas the level of Mg(2+) was significantly lower. Linear regression analysis showed significant correlations of K(+) and Mg(2+) levels and between Na(+) and Ca(2+). However, K(+) and Mg(2+) had the negative correlation with Na(+) and Ca(2+). Histopathologic examination showed no change in the KD muscles, whereas 29% (2 of 7) of the KD kidneys had vacuolization in proximal renal tubular cells. Our study not only provided the descriptive data but also implied the balance or homeostasis of these monovalent and divalent cations in their muscle pools.
以往的研究均未同时分析人体骨骼肌中的钾（K⁺）、钠（Na⁺）、镁（Mg²⁺）和钙（Ca²⁺）含量。我们对30名外表健康但死于意外事故的泰国东北部男性的股外侧肌和胸大肌中的所有这些阳离子水平进行了广泛且同时的检测，并检测了水分含量。在死亡后6小时内进行样本采集。我们使用原子吸收法或火焰光度法测量肌肉阳离子水平。还对肌肉和肾脏进行了组织病理学评估。股外侧肌中的K⁺、Na⁺、Mg²⁺和Ca²⁺含量分别为84.74±1.50、38.64±0.77、7.58±0.17和0.94±0.06微摩尔/克湿重，而胸大肌中的K⁺、Na⁺和Mg²⁺含量分别为82.83±1.54、37.57±0.72和7.30±0.17微摩尔/克湿重。股外侧肌和胸大肌中的水分含量相当（分别为78.66±0.41%和78.09±0.56%）。根据肌肉K⁺水平，我们将受试者分为2个主要组：低钾（KD）组（K⁺<80微摩尔/克湿重；n = 7）和非低钾（NKD）组（K⁺≥80微摩尔/克湿重；n = 23）。在KD组肌肉中，Na⁺和Ca²⁺水平显著升高，而Mg²⁺水平显著降低。线性回归分析显示K⁺和Mg²⁺水平之间以及Na⁺和Ca²⁺之间存在显著相关性。然而，K⁺和Mg²⁺与Na⁺和Ca²⁺呈负相关。组织病理学检查显示KD组肌肉无变化，而KD组肾脏中有29%（7例中的2例）近端肾小管细胞出现空泡化。我们的研究不仅提供了描述性数据，还暗示了这些单价和二价阳离子在其肌肉池中的平衡或稳态。
