Clancy John, McVicar Andrew
Human Physiology, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, University of East Anglia, Norwich.
Br J Nurs. 2007;16(16):1016-21. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2007.16.16.27082.
The first in this two-part article explores the short-term homeostatic mechanisms involved in maintaining the 'acid-base balance' of body fluids. The second article identifies the intermediate and long-term homeostatic mechanisms involved in maintaining the 'acid-base balance'. The acid-base balance of the body refers to the ideal pH of body fluids, which is determined by the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of body fluids. Normal pH optimizes enzyme action and a healthy metabolism. Prolonged abnormal pH leads to disordered metabolism and illness, therefore, an understanding of pH is crucial for nurses who have access to patient's medical records. Since observing a patient's blood and urine pH aids assessment, diagnostics, planning care, implementing care and re-evaluating healthcare intervention. The aim of this article is to educate nurses in the understanding of the biochemical functioning of buffers as the short-term regulators of pH control.
这篇分为两部分的文章的第一篇探讨了维持体液“酸碱平衡”所涉及的短期稳态机制。第二篇文章则确定了维持“酸碱平衡”所涉及的中期和长期稳态机制。人体的酸碱平衡是指体液的理想pH值，它由体液中的氢离子（H+）浓度决定。正常的pH值可优化酶的作用和健康的新陈代谢。长期异常的pH值会导致新陈代谢紊乱和疾病，因此，对于能够获取患者病历的护士来说，了解pH值至关重要。因为观察患者的血液和尿液pH值有助于评估、诊断、护理计划制定、护理实施以及对医疗干预的重新评估。本文的目的是让护士了解缓冲剂作为pH值控制短期调节因子的生化功能。
