Abe Ikuro
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, and PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
Nat Prod Rep. 2007 Dec;24(6):1311-31. doi: 10.1039/b616857b. Epub 2007 Aug 7.
This review covers recent advances in the chemistry and enzymology of squalene cyclase and oxidosqualene cyclase. The enzymatic cyclizations of squalene and oxidosqualene are the most remarkable steps in the biosynthesis of sterols and triterpenes. The polyenes are converted to various polycyclic triterpenes by different enzyme systems employing only small modification of the active-site. Recent crystallographic and structure-based mutagenesis studies as well as utilization of chemically synthesized active-site probes have begun to reveal intimate structural details of the enzyme-templated cyclization reactions. 126 References are cited.
本综述涵盖了角鲨烯环化酶和氧化角鲨烯环化酶在化学和酶学方面的最新进展。角鲨烯和氧化角鲨烯的酶促环化反应是甾醇和三萜生物合成中最显著的步骤。这些多烯通过不同的酶系统仅经活性位点的微小修饰就转化为各种多环三萜。最近的晶体学和基于结构的诱变研究以及化学合成活性位点探针的应用已开始揭示酶模板环化反应的详细结构细节。引用参考文献126篇。
