Min Booki, Paul William E
Department of Immunology/NB30, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Curr Opin Hematol. 2008 Jan;15(1):59-63. doi: 10.1097/MOH.0b013e3282f13ce8.
Mechanisms involved in the development of in-vivo type 2 immunity are poorly defined. Basophils are potent IL-4-producing cells and may contribute to the process of polarizing immune responses.
Although basophils represent fewer than 0.5% of blood leukocytes, their frequency dramatically increases under certain circumstances, particularly Th2-related responses including parasitic infection and allergic inflammation. Recent studies proposed the hypothesis that basophils could contribute to the development of type 2 immunity by providing initial IL-4 important in T cell polarization and by recruiting other effector cells such as eosinophils or neutrophils. Multiple stimuli of IgE-dependent and IgE-independent pathways that lead to release of cytokines and mediators from activated basophils have been identified. In addition, progenitors that differentiate into mature basophils have recently been identified.
The current review revisits basophils with the goal of providing insights into understanding unappreciated roles of basophils in vivo.
体内2型免疫发展所涉及的机制尚不明确。嗜碱性粒细胞是产生白细胞介素-4（IL-4）的高效细胞，可能有助于免疫反应极化过程。
尽管嗜碱性粒细胞在血液白细胞中所占比例不到0.5%，但在某些情况下其数量会显著增加，特别是在与2型辅助性T细胞（Th2）相关的反应中，包括寄生虫感染和过敏性炎症。最近的研究提出了一个假说，即嗜碱性粒细胞可通过提供对T细胞极化至关重要的初始IL-4以及募集其他效应细胞（如嗜酸性粒细胞或中性粒细胞）来促进2型免疫的发展。已确定了导致活化嗜碱性粒细胞释放细胞因子和介质的IgE依赖性和IgE非依赖性途径的多种刺激因素。此外，最近还发现了可分化为成熟嗜碱性粒细胞的祖细胞。
本综述重新审视嗜碱性粒细胞，旨在深入了解其在体内尚未被充分认识的作用。
