Urbanczyk Henryk, Ast Jennifer C, Higgins Melissa J, Carson Jeremy, Dunlap Paul V
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA.
The Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2007 Dec;57(Pt 12):2823-2829. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.65081-0.
Four closely related species, Vibrio fischeri, Vibrio logei, Vibrio salmonicida and Vibrio wodanis, form a clade within the family Vibrionaceae; the taxonomic status and phylogenetic position of this clade have remained ambiguous for many years. To resolve this ambiguity, we tested these species against other species of the Vibrionaceae for phylogenetic and phenotypic differences. Sequence identities for the 16S rRNA gene were > or =97.4 % among members of the V. fischeri group, but were < or =95.5 % for members of this group in comparison with type species of other genera of the Vibrionaceae (i.e. Photobacterium and Vibrio, with which they overlap in G+C content, and Enterovibrio, Grimontia and Salinivibrio, with which they do not overlap in G+C content). Combined analysis of the recA, rpoA, pyrH, gyrB and 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the species of the V. fischeri group form a tightly clustered clade, distinct from these other genera. Furthermore, phenotypic traits differentiated the V. fischeri group from other genera of the Vibrionaceae, and a panel of 13 biochemical tests discriminated members of the V. fischeri group from type strains of Photobacterium and Vibrio. These results indicate that the four species of the V. fischeri group represent a lineage within the Vibrionaceae that is distinct from other genera. We therefore propose their reclassification in a new genus, Aliivibrio gen. nov. Aliivibrio is composed of four species: Aliivibrio fischeri comb. nov. (the type species) (type strain ATCC 7744(T) =CAIM 329(T) =CCUG 13450(T) =CIP 103206(T) =DSM 507(T) =LMG 4414(T) =NCIMB 1281(T)), Aliivibrio logei comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 29985(T) =CCUG 20283(T) =CIP 104991(T) =NCIMB 2252(T)), Aliivibrio salmonicida comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 43839(T) =CIP 103166(T) =LMG 14010(T) =NCIMB 2262(T)) and Aliivibrio wodanis comb. nov. (type strain ATCC BAA-104(T) =NCIMB 13582(T) =LMG 24053(T)).
费氏弧菌（Vibrio fischeri）、洛氏弧菌（Vibrio logei）、杀鲑弧菌（Vibrio salmonicida）和瓦氏弧菌（Vibrio wodanis）这四个亲缘关系密切的物种在弧菌科内形成一个进化枝；多年来，该进化枝的分类地位和系统发育位置一直不明确。为了解决这一模糊问题，我们针对弧菌科的其他物种测试了这些物种的系统发育和表型差异。费氏弧菌群成员之间16S rRNA基因的序列同一性≥97.4%，但与弧菌科其他属的模式种相比，该群成员的序列同一性≤95.5%（即发光杆菌属和弧菌属，它们在G+C含量上有重叠；以及肠道弧菌属、格氏弧菌属和盐弧菌属，它们在G+C含量上无重叠）。recA、rpoA、pyrH、gyrB和16S rRNA基因序列的联合分析表明，费氏弧菌群的物种形成一个紧密聚类的进化枝，与其他属不同。此外，表型特征使费氏弧菌群与弧菌科的其他属区分开来，一组13项生化测试可将费氏弧菌群的成员与发光杆菌属和弧菌属的模式菌株区分开来。这些结果表明，费氏弧菌群的这四个物种代表了弧菌科内一个与其他属不同的谱系。因此，我们建议将它们重新分类到一个新属——交替单胞菌属（Aliivibrio gen. nov.）。交替单胞菌属由四个物种组成：费氏交替单胞菌（Aliivibrio fischeri comb. nov.）（模式种）（模式菌株ATCC 7744(T)=CAIM 329(T)=CCUG 13450(T)=CIP 103206(T)=DSM 507(T)=LMG 4414(T)=NCIMB 1281(T)）、洛氏交替单胞菌（Aliivibrio logei comb. nov.）（模式菌株ATCC 29985(T)=CCUG 20283(T)=CIP 104991(T)=NCIMB 2252(T)）、杀鲑交替单胞菌（Aliivibrio salmonicida comb. nov.）（模式菌株ATCC 43839(T)=CIP 103166(T)=LMG 14010(T)=NCIMB 2262(T)）和瓦氏交替单胞菌（Aliivibrio wodanis comb. nov.）（模式菌株ATCC BAA - 104(T)=NCIMB 13582(T)=LMG 24053(T)）。
