Javitt Daniel C, Spencer Kevin M, Thaker Gunvant K, Winterer Georg, Hajós Mihály
Nathan Kline Institute for Schizophrenia Research/New York University School of Medicine, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, New York 10962, USA.
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Jan;7(1):68-83. doi: 10.1038/nrd2463.
Schizophrenia represents a pervasive deficit in brain function, leading to hallucinations and delusions, social withdrawal and a decline in cognitive performance. As the underlying genetic and neuronal abnormalities in schizophrenia are largely unknown, it is challenging to measure the severity of its symptoms objectively, or to design and evaluate psychotherapeutic interventions. Recent advances in neurophysiological techniques provide new opportunities to measure abnormal brain functions in patients with schizophrenia and to compare these with drug-induced alterations. Moreover, many of these neurophysiological processes are phylogenetically conserved and can be modelled in preclinical studies, offering unique opportunities for use as translational biomarkers in schizophrenia drug discovery.
精神分裂症表现为大脑功能的普遍缺陷，导致幻觉、妄想、社交退缩和认知能力下降。由于精神分裂症潜在的基因和神经异常在很大程度上尚不明确，客观衡量其症状的严重程度，或设计和评估心理治疗干预措施具有挑战性。神经生理学技术的最新进展为测量精神分裂症患者的异常脑功能并将其与药物引起的改变进行比较提供了新机会。此外，许多这些神经生理过程在系统发育上是保守的，并且可以在临床前研究中进行建模，为在精神分裂症药物发现中用作转化生物标志物提供了独特的机会。
