Stronati M, Lombardi G, Di Comite A, Fanos V
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fodazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
J Chemother. 2007 Oct;19 Suppl 2:49-51. doi: 10.1080/1120009x.2007.11782446.
Perinatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has recently become a matter of some debate. It is acquired by the newborn mainly via breast milk and though this has practically no consequences in term newborns, it may cause severe symptomatic disease in preterm newborns. Almost all CMV-seropositive women eliminate the virus via their milk; freezing breast milk at -20 degrees C and pasteurization may respectively reduce or eliminate the viral load. No evidence has yet been found in preterm neonates for sequelae related to CMV infection acquired via breast milk. The administration of fresh breast milk to very premature neonates who constitute a population at risk is controversial.
围产期巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染近来引发了一些争论。新生儿主要通过母乳感染该病毒，虽然这对足月儿几乎没有影响，但可能会导致早产儿出现严重的症状性疾病。几乎所有CMV血清反应阳性的女性都会通过乳汁排出病毒；将母乳在-20摄氏度下冷冻以及巴氏杀菌分别可以降低或消除病毒载量。尚未在早产儿中发现与通过母乳感染CMV相关的后遗症证据。对于高危人群中的极早产儿给予新鲜母乳存在争议。
