Principe Gabrielle F, Guiliano Stephanie, Root Courtney
Department of Psychology, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2008 Feb;99(2):135-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2007.10.009. Epub 2007 Dec 26.
This study examined how rumors originating in 3- to 6-year-olds' causal inferences can affect their own and their peers' memories for a personally experienced event. This was accomplished by exposing some members of classrooms to contextual clues that were designed to induce inferences about the causes of two unresolved components of the event. After a 1-week delay, a substantial number of children who were exposed to the clues misremembered their inferences as actual experiences. Causal inferential memory errors were most pronounced among 5- and 6-year-olds. Also, many of the children whose classmates were exposed to the clues mistakenly incorporated their classmates' causal inferences into their own accounts, with 3- and 4-year-olds being most likely to make this error.
本研究考察了源自3至6岁儿童因果推理的谣言如何影响他们自己以及同伴对亲身经历事件的记忆。具体做法是，让一些班级的儿童接触旨在引发对该事件两个未解决部分原因进行推理的情境线索。经过1周的延迟后，大量接触到这些线索的儿童将他们的推理错误地记为实际经历。因果推理记忆错误在5岁和6岁儿童中最为明显。此外，许多其同学接触到线索的儿童会错误地将同学的因果推理纳入自己的叙述中，3岁和4岁的儿童最容易出现这种错误。
