McGavock Jonathan, Sellers Elizabeth, Dean Heather
The Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Canada.
Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2007 Dec;4(4):305-10. doi: 10.3132/dvdr.2007.057.
With the growing prevalence of childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in youth, the challenge of cardiovascular disease risk management has entered the paediatric realm, affecting specialists, family physicians and allied healthcare professionals alike. Currently, there is little evidence to support optimal strategies for management of T2DM in youth and the associated cardiovascular complications. Physical activity plays a powerful role in the prevention and management of T2DM and cardiovascular disease in adults. This review will focus on the role of physical activity for the prevention of T2DM in youth and its associated cardiovascular complications. The first part describes the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in this cohort. The second part focuses on the role of physical activity in the prevention and management of T2DM in youth. Collectively, the limited intervention and observation studies published to date suggest that daily targets of 60-90 minutes of physical activity and less than 60 minutes of screen time (i.e. time spent in front of a television, computer or video games) are required for the prevention and management of T2DM in youth. Large-scale intervention studies are needed to determine the most effective physical activity strategies for the prevention and management of T2DM in youth.
随着儿童肥胖症和青少年2型糖尿病（T2DM）的患病率不断上升，心血管疾病风险管理的挑战已进入儿科领域，影响着专科医生、家庭医生以及相关医疗保健专业人员。目前，几乎没有证据支持针对青少年T2DM及其相关心血管并发症的最佳管理策略。体育活动在成人T2DM和心血管疾病的预防及管理中发挥着重要作用。本综述将聚焦体育活动在预防青少年T2DM及其相关心血管并发症方面的作用。第一部分描述了该队列中心血管危险因素的患病率。第二部分重点探讨体育活动在青少年T2DM预防和管理中的作用。总体而言，迄今为止发表的有限干预和观察性研究表明，青少年预防和管理T2DM需要每天进行60 - 90分钟体育活动且屏幕时间（即花在电视、电脑或电子游戏前的时间）少于60分钟。需要开展大规模干预研究以确定预防和管理青少年T2DM最有效的体育活动策略。
