Baynes Ronald E, Smith Geof, Mason Sharon E, Barrett Erica, Barlow Beth M, Riviere Jim E
Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank, Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Mar;46(3):1196-200. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.11.013. Epub 2007 Nov 28.
Melamine-contaminated pet food was recently added as a supplement to livestock feed. There is little or no information concerning the pharmacokinetics of melamine in livestock, and the aim of this study was to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters for this contaminant in pigs. Melamine was administered intravenously to five weanling pigs at a dose of 6.13 mg/kg and plasma samples were collected over 24 h, extracted for melamine, and then analyzed by HPLC-UV. The data was shown to best fit a one-compartment model with melamine's half-life of 4.04 (+/- 0.37) h, clearance of 0.11 (+/- 0.01) L/h/kg, and volume of distribution of 0.61 (+/- 0.04) L/kg. These data are comparable to the only mammalian study in rats and suggests that melamine is readily cleared by the kidney and there is unlikely to be significant tissue binding. Further tissue residue studies are required to assess the depletion kinetics of this contaminant in the pig which will determine whether residue levels in the kidney should be of public health concern if pigs were exposed to a similar dose.
近期，受三聚氰胺污染的宠物食品被用作家畜饲料的补充剂。目前关于三聚氰胺在家畜体内的药代动力学信息极少或几乎没有，本研究的目的是获取该污染物在猪体内的药代动力学参数。以6.13 mg/kg的剂量对5头断奶仔猪静脉注射三聚氰胺，并在24小时内采集血浆样本，提取其中的三聚氰胺，然后采用高效液相色谱 - 紫外检测法进行分析。数据显示最符合一室模型，三聚氰胺的半衰期为4.04（±0.37）小时，清除率为0.11（±0.01）L/（h·kg），分布容积为0.61（±0.04）L/kg。这些数据与仅有的一项关于大鼠的哺乳动物研究结果相当，表明三聚氰胺很容易被肾脏清除，并且不太可能存在显著的组织结合。需要进一步开展组织残留研究，以评估该污染物在猪体内的消除动力学，这将确定如果猪暴露于类似剂量，肾脏中的残留水平是否会引起公共卫生关注。
