Fuss F K
Institute of Anatomy (1st Department), University of Vienna, Austria.
J Anat. 1991 Dec;179:115-25.
The structures responsible for the restriction of knee joint rotation were established by means of sequential destruction of the menisci, cruciate ligaments, capsular and collateral ligaments; the capsular and collateral ligaments restrict both medial and lateral rotation. The anterior cruciate ligament was also found to restrict medial rotation, thus acting as a synergist to the capsular and collateral ligaments. The posterior cruciate ligament was found to have no effect on rotation. Under no circumstances do the cruciates as a pair restrict medial rotation as this is drastically increased as a consequence of the removal of the capsular and collateral ligaments, and the lateral meniscus. The axis of medial rotation ran through the medial tubercle of the intercondylar eminence while that of lateral rotation was located slightly lateral to it.
通过依次破坏半月板、交叉韧带、关节囊和侧副韧带，确定了限制膝关节旋转的结构；关节囊和侧副韧带限制内旋和外旋。还发现前交叉韧带限制内旋，因此作为关节囊和侧副韧带的协同肌发挥作用。后交叉韧带被发现对旋转没有影响。在任何情况下，交叉韧带作为一个整体都不会限制内旋，因为由于关节囊和侧副韧带以及外侧半月板的切除，内旋会急剧增加。内旋轴穿过髁间隆起的内侧结节，而外旋轴位于其稍外侧。
