Fuss F K
Institute of Anatomy (1st Department), University of Vienna, Austria.
Anat Rec. 1989 Nov;225(3):251-6. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092250311.
On the basis of general considerations of muscle functions and by means of mechanical and measuring methods and by computer analysis, it is shown that the popliteus muscle of man, dog, and pig is basically an extensor, regardless of whether femur or tibia are considered as resting. The traditional doctrine claiming a flexor function of the popliteus muscle has to be revised. In spite of the basic extending function, its effect in actual extension, especially against the weight of the entire body, is evidently most doubtful. Never has its rotatory function been doubted. Its role in reversing the compulsory rotation at the beginning of flexion can now easily be explained: since it is an extensor, the flexion would cause its passive elongation, against which its mere tonus causes rotation.
基于对肌肉功能的一般考虑，并借助机械和测量方法以及计算机分析，结果表明，无论将股骨还是胫骨视为静止状态，人、狗和猪的腘肌基本上都是伸肌。声称腘肌具有屈肌功能的传统学说必须修正。尽管其基本功能是伸展，但它在实际伸展中的作用，尤其是对抗整个身体重量时的作用，显然非常可疑。其旋转功能从未受到质疑。现在可以很容易地解释它在屈膝开始时扭转强制旋转的作用：由于它是伸肌，屈膝会导致其被动伸长，仅其张力就会导致旋转。
