Vaughan Michael R, Quaggin Susan E
Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Jan;19(1):24-33. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2007040471.
The glomerular capillary tuft is a highly intricate and specialized microvascular bed that filters plasma water and solute to form urine. The mature glomerulus contains four cell types: Parietal epithelial cells that form Bowman's capsule, podocytes that cover the outermost layer of the glomerular filtration barrier, glycocalyx-coated fenestrated endothelial cells that are in direct contact with blood, and mesangial cells that sit between the capillary loops. Filtration begins only after the influx and organization of endothelial and mesangial cells in the developing glomerulus. Tightly coordinated movement and cross-talk between these cell types is required for the formation of a functional glomerular filtration barrier, and disruption of these processes has devastating consequences for early life. Current concepts of the role of mesangial and endothelial cells in formation of the capillary tuft are reviewed here.
肾小球毛细血管丛是一个高度复杂且特殊的微血管床，它过滤血浆中的水和溶质以形成尿液。成熟的肾小球包含四种细胞类型：构成鲍曼囊的壁层上皮细胞、覆盖肾小球滤过屏障最外层的足细胞、与血液直接接触的糖萼包被的有孔内皮细胞，以及位于毛细血管袢之间的系膜细胞。只有在内皮细胞和系膜细胞流入并在发育中的肾小球中组织起来后，过滤才开始。这些细胞类型之间紧密协调的运动和相互作用对于形成功能性肾小球滤过屏障是必需的，而这些过程的破坏对早期生命具有毁灭性后果。本文综述了系膜细胞和内皮细胞在毛细血管丛形成中的作用的当前概念。
