福利主义与超福利主义

Welfarism vs. extra-welfarism.

作者信息

Brouwer Werner B F, Culyer Anthony J, van Exel N Job A, Rutten Frans F H

机构信息

Department of Health Policy & Management and institute for Medical Technology Assessment, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

J Health Econ. 2008 Mar;27(2):325-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.07.003. Epub 2007 Nov 29.

DOI:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.07.003

PMID:18179835

Abstract

'Extra-welfarism' has received some attention in health economics, yet there is little consensus on what distinguishes it from more conventional 'welfarist economics'. In this paper, we seek to identify the characteristics of each in order to make a systematic comparison of the ways in which they evaluate alternative social states. The focus, though this is not intended to be exclusive, is on health. Specifically, we highlight four areas in which the two schools differ: (i) the outcomes considered relevant in an evaluation; (ii) the sources of valuation of the relevant outcomes; (iii) the basis of weighting of relevant outcomes and (iv) interpersonal comparisons. We conclude that these differences are substantive.

摘要

“超福利主义”在健康经济学中已受到一些关注，但对于它与更为传统的“福利主义经济学”的区别却几乎没有达成共识。在本文中，我们试图确定二者各自的特征，以便对它们评估不同社会状态的方式进行系统比较。尽管并非唯一重点，但我们的重点是健康。具体而言，我们突出了这两个学派存在差异的四个方面：（i）评估中被视为相关的结果；（ii）相关结果的估值来源；（iii）相关结果的加权依据；以及（iv）人际比较。我们得出结论，这些差异是实质性的。