Gutteridge J M
Ann Clin Biochem. 1976 May;13(3):393-8. doi: 10.1177/000456327601300125.
Erythrocuprein (superoxide dismutase) has recently been shown to have an enzymic function towards superoxide anions. The discovery of superoxide dismutase, its mode of action, and estimation are reviewed along with a brief introduction to oxygen activation and free-radical chemistry. The formation, activity, and destruction of oxygen free radicals in white blood cells, red blood cells, and subcellular particles are discussed. (a) The production of superoxide anions by white cells during phagocytosis is thought to be advantageous for the overall bactericidal event. (b) Normal red blood cells generate low levels of superoxide anions. Increased levels of free-radical production could play a significant role in accelerating cell ageing (haemolysis). (c) Subcellular particles produce superoxide anions. These as well as organic peroxides have been implicated in drug hydroxylation reactions involving cytochrome P-450.
红细胞铜蛋白（超氧化物歧化酶）最近被证明对超氧阴离子具有酶促功能。本文综述了超氧化物歧化酶的发现、作用方式及测定方法，并简要介绍了氧活化和自由基化学。文中讨论了白细胞、红细胞及亚细胞颗粒中氧自由基的形成、活性及破坏情况。（a）白细胞在吞噬作用过程中产生超氧阴离子，这一过程被认为对整体杀菌作用有利。（b）正常红细胞产生的超氧阴离子水平较低。自由基产生水平的升高可能在加速细胞衰老（溶血）过程中起重要作用。（c）亚细胞颗粒会产生超氧阴离子。这些超氧阴离子以及有机过氧化物参与了涉及细胞色素P - 450的药物羟基化反应。
