Weinstein Sari, Piette Warren
Division of Dermatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, and Department of Dermatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2008 Feb;22(1):67-77, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2007.10.011.
Many different cutaneous lesions or cutaneous-systemic syndromes can be the presenting sign of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), or can develop during the course of disease. None of these conditions are specific for APS. Livedo reticularis or racemosa is commonly seen in APS, but it is one of the least specific findings. Other diseases are less commonly seen, in either their idiopathic or APS-associated form, but are more suggestive of APS. APS should be considered in patients who may appear to have idiopathic livedo reticularis with cerebrovascular accidents (Sneddon's syndrome), atrophie blanche, livedoid vasculitis, malignant atrophic papulosis, or anetoderma. Finally, retiform (branching, stellate) purpura or necrosis is perhaps the most characteristic cutaneous lesion of many different cutaneous microvascular occlusion syndromes, including APS.
许多不同的皮肤病变或皮肤-系统性综合征可以是抗磷脂抗体综合征（APS）的首发症状，也可在疾病过程中出现。这些情况均非APS所特有。网状青斑或蔓状青斑在APS中常见，但它是特异性最低的表现之一。其他疾病无论是特发性形式还是与APS相关的形式都较少见，但更提示APS。对于可能患有伴有脑血管意外的特发性网状青斑（斯内登综合征）、白色萎缩、类脂质渐进性坏死、恶性萎缩性丘疹病或皮肤松弛症的患者，应考虑APS。最后，网状（分支状、星状）紫癜或坏死可能是包括APS在内的许多不同皮肤微血管闭塞综合征最具特征性的皮肤病变。
