Retting Richard A, Ferguson Susan A, Farmer Charles M
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 1005 North Glebe Road, Arlington, VA 22201, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2008 Jan;40(1):327-33. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.06.011. Epub 2007 Jul 31.
Red light running is estimated to account for 900 intersection crash fatalities annually. Two principal methods used to reduce red light running involve lengthening the duration of yellow change intervals and automated red light enforcement. The present study evaluated the incremental effects on red light running of first lengthening yellow signal timing, followed by the introduction of red light cameras. At six approaches to two intersections in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, yellow change intervals were increased by about 1s, followed several months later by red light camera enforcement. The number of red light violations was monitored before changes were implemented, several weeks after yellow timing changes were made, and about 1 year after commencement of red light camera enforcement. Similar observations were conducted at three comparison intersections in a neighboring state where red light cameras were not used and yellow timing remained constant. Results showed that yellow timing changes reduced red light violations by 36%. The addition of red light camera enforcement further reduced red light violations by 96% beyond levels achieved by the longer yellow timing. This study shows that the provision of adequate yellow signal timing reduces red light running, but longer yellow timing alone does not eliminate the need for better enforcement, which can be provided effectively by red light cameras.
据估计，每年闯红灯导致的交叉路口撞车死亡人数达900人。用于减少闯红灯行为的两种主要方法包括延长黄灯变化间隔时间和自动闯红灯执法。本研究评估了先延长黄灯信号时长，随后引入闯红灯摄像头对闯红灯行为产生的增量影响。在宾夕法尼亚州费城两个交叉路口的六个方向，黄灯变化间隔时间增加了约1秒，几个月后实施了闯红灯摄像头执法。在实施变更前、黄灯时间变更几周后以及闯红灯摄像头执法开始约1年后，对闯红灯违规次数进行了监测。在邻近一个未使用闯红灯摄像头且黄灯时间保持不变的州的三个对照交叉路口进行了类似观察。结果显示，黄灯时间变更使闯红灯违规行为减少了36%。增加闯红灯摄像头执法后，闯红灯违规行为比延长黄灯时间所达到的水平进一步减少了96%。本研究表明，提供足够的黄灯信号时间可减少闯红灯行为，但仅延长黄灯时间并不能消除加强执法的必要性，而闯红灯摄像头能够有效地提供这种执法。
