Martinez Kristie L Hebert, Porter Bryan E
Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529-0267, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2006 Sep;38(5):862-70. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.02.011. Epub 2006 Apr 11.
Red light running causes about 260,000 crashes and 750 fatalities each year in the US (Retting, Ulmer, & Williams, 1999, Accident Analysis & Prevention). This study investigated the effects of photo enforcement cameras on reducing red light running and characterized the typical red light runner throughout photo enforcement program implementation. In Southeast Virginia, eight intersections were observed over an 8-month period during which photo enforcement cameras were installed at three sites. To assess spillover effects, three other sites served in a same city comparison group. Two additional sites from a nearby city served in a control group for city. Over 1750 light cycles were observed with red light running occurring at least once during 13% of these cycles. Predictors of red light runners included being at a site without a camera or at an intersection before deployment of cameras, being under the age of 26, being in the non-camera city, not using a safety belt, and driving in more traffic. While overall red light running decreased at camera sites, characteristics of the typical red light runner remained the same at camera and non-camera locations.
在美国，每年闯红灯引发约26万起撞车事故和750起死亡事故（雷廷、乌尔默和威廉姆斯，1999年，《事故分析与预防》）。本研究调查了交通违章拍照摄像头在减少闯红灯方面的效果，并在整个交通违章拍照项目实施过程中对典型的闯红灯者进行了特征描述。在弗吉尼亚州东南部，在8个月的时间里对8个十字路口进行了观察，在此期间，在3个地点安装了交通违章拍照摄像头。为了评估溢出效应，在同一个城市的另外3个地点作为比较组。附近城市的另外2个地点作为城市对照组。观察了超过1750个信号灯周期，其中13% 的周期至少发生过一次闯红灯情况。闯红灯者的预测因素包括处于没有摄像头的地点或在摄像头部署之前的十字路口、年龄在26岁以下、在没有摄像头的城市、不系安全带以及在交通流量较大的情况下驾驶车辆。虽然安装摄像头的地点闯红灯情况总体有所减少，但摄像头地点和未安装摄像头地点典型闯红灯者的特征保持不变。
