Sasaki Seiko, Sata Fumihiro, Katoh Shizue, Saijo Yasuaki, Nakajima Sonomi, Washino Noriaki, Konishi Kanae, Ban Susumu, Ishizuka Mayumi, Kishi Reiko
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Mar 15;167(6):719-26. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwm360. Epub 2008 Jan 23.
Maternal smoking during pregnancy can result in both pregnancy complications and reduced size of the fetus and neonate. Among women who smoke, genetic susceptibility to tobacco smoke also is a likely causative factor in adverse pregnancy outcomes. A prospective cohort study was conducted among 460 pregnant women who delivered live singletons in Sapporo, Japan, from 2002 to 2005. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate associations of maternal smoking and polymorphisms in two genes encoding N-nitrosamine-metabolizing enzymes-NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and cytochrome P-450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-with birth size. Among infants born to smokers with the NQO1 homozygous wild-type allele, birth weight, birth length, and birth head circumference were significantly reduced (p < 0.01 for each factor). For the homozygous wild-type CYP2E1 allele, birth weight was lower by an estimated 195 g (standard error, 55; p < 0.001) among smokers. These genotypes did not confer adverse effects among women who had never smoked or who quit smoking during the first trimester. The adverse effects of maternal smoking on infant birth size may be modified by maternal genetic polymorphisms in N-nitrosamine-metabolizing enzymes among Japanese subjects. These results may help in directing smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy, especially among susceptible women.
孕期母亲吸烟会导致妊娠并发症以及胎儿和新生儿体型减小。在吸烟女性中，对烟草烟雾的遗传易感性也可能是不良妊娠结局的一个致病因素。2002年至2005年期间，在日本札幌对460名分娩单胎活婴的孕妇进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。使用多元线性回归模型来估计母亲吸烟以及编码N - 亚硝胺代谢酶的两个基因——NAD(P)H：醌氧化还原酶1（NQO1）和细胞色素P - 450 2E1（CYP2E1）——中的多态性与出生时体型的关联。在携带NQO1纯合野生型等位基因的吸烟者所生婴儿中，出生体重、出生身长和出生头围显著降低（每个因素p < 0.01）。对于CYP2E1纯合野生型等位基因，吸烟者的出生体重估计低195克（标准误，55；p < 0.001）。这些基因型在从未吸烟或在孕早期戒烟的女性中未产生不良影响。在日本人群中，母亲吸烟对婴儿出生体型的不良影响可能会因母亲N - 亚硝胺代谢酶的基因多态性而改变。这些结果可能有助于指导孕期戒烟干预措施，特别是针对易感女性。
