Das Samarjit, Das Dipak K
Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA.
Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov. 2007 Jun;2(2):133-8. doi: 10.2174/157489007780832560.
The heart is an aerobic organ, and most of the energy required for the contraction and maintenance of ion gradients comes from oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidative stress caused by free radicals plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology associated with atherosclerosis, neoplasia and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, a great deal of attention has focused on the naturally occurring antioxidant phytochemicals as potential therapy for cardiovascular diseases. One of the most recognized and widely studied compounds is resveratrol, a member of a family of polyphenols called viniferins. Although resveratrol was first isolated in 1940 from the roots of white hellebore (Veratrum grandiflorum), the importance of resveratrol was recognized only after the widely publicized historic "French Paradox" associated with drinking of red wine. Both epidemiological and experimental studies have revealed that drinking wine, particularly red wine, in moderation protects cardiovascular health; however, the experimental basis for such an action is not fully understood. A growing body of evidence supports the role of resveratrol as evidence based cardiovascular medicine. Resveratrol protects the cardiovascular system by multidimensional way. The most important point about resveratrol is that at a very low concentration, it inhibits apoptotic cell death, thereby providing protection from various diseases including myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis and ventricular arrhythmias. Both in acute and in chronic models, resveratrol-mediated cardioprotection is achieved through the preconditioning effect (the state-of-the-art technique of cardioprotection), rather than direct effect as found in conventional medicine. The same resveratrol when used in higher doses, it facilitates apoptotic cell death, and behaves as a chemo-preventive alternative. Resveratrol likely fulfills the definition of a pharmacological preconditioning compound and gives hope for the therapeutic promise of alternative medicine. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence in favor of resveratrol to be used as a preventive medicine and related patents for the maintenance of healthy heart.
心脏是一个需氧器官，心脏收缩及维持离子梯度所需的大部分能量都来自氧化磷酸化。自由基引起的氧化应激在动脉粥样硬化、肿瘤和神经退行性疾病相关的病理生理学过程中起关键作用。因此，大量关注聚焦于天然存在的抗氧化植物化学物质，将其作为心血管疾病的潜在治疗方法。最受认可且研究广泛的化合物之一是白藜芦醇，它是一类称为葡萄素的多酚家族成员。尽管白藜芦醇于1940年首次从白藜芦（Veratrum grandiflorum）的根中分离出来，但直到与饮用红酒相关的具有历史意义的“法国悖论”被广泛报道后，白藜芦醇的重要性才被认识到。流行病学和实验研究均表明，适量饮用葡萄酒，尤其是红酒，可保护心血管健康；然而，这种作用的实验依据尚未完全明确。越来越多的证据支持白藜芦醇作为循证心血管医学的作用。白藜芦醇通过多种方式保护心血管系统。关于白藜芦醇最重要的一点是，在极低浓度下，它可抑制凋亡性细胞死亡，从而预防包括心肌缺血再灌注损伤、动脉粥样硬化和室性心律失常在内的各种疾病。在急性和慢性模型中，白藜芦醇介导的心脏保护都是通过预处理效应（心脏保护的前沿技术）实现的，而非传统医学中的直接效应。相同的白藜芦醇在高剂量使用时，会促进凋亡性细胞死亡，表现为一种化学预防剂。白藜芦醇可能符合药理学预处理化合物的定义，并为替代医学的治疗前景带来希望。本综述的目的是提供支持白藜芦醇用作预防药物的证据以及与维持心脏健康相关的专利。
