Pineño Oskar
Department of Psychology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11550, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2007 Dec;14(6):1115-24. doi: 10.3758/bf03193100.
The present article presents a response rule developed to account for both positive and negative stimulus interaction. In the response rule proposed here, positive interaction phenomena (e.g., second-order conditioning) and negative interaction phenomena (e.g., Pavlovian conditioned inhibition) are presumed to occur during performance and acquisition, respectively. Also, in this rule the novelty of the test stimulus determines the expression of positive interaction on responding. As the stimulus loses its novelty over training, positive interaction effects will wane, which will allow negative interaction effects to emerge in responding elicited by the stimulus. It is proposed that this response rule can be adopted by acquisition-focused associative models (e.g., Rescorla & Wagner, 1972) in order to account for contrary associative phenomena in the literature. The simulation program used in this study is available for download from the author's website and from the Psychonomic Society website at www.psychonomic.org/archive.
本文提出了一种响应规则，该规则旨在解释正向和负向刺激交互作用。在此提出的响应规则中，正向交互作用现象（如二级条件作用）和负向交互作用现象（如巴甫洛夫条件性抑制）分别被假定在表现和习得过程中发生。此外，在该规则中，测试刺激的新颖性决定了对反应的正向交互作用的表现。随着刺激在训练过程中失去其新颖性，正向交互作用效应将减弱，这将使负向交互作用效应在由该刺激引发的反应中出现。有人提出，以习得为重点的联想模型（如Rescorla & Wagner，1972）可以采用这种响应规则，以解释文献中相反的联想现象。本研究中使用的模拟程序可从作者网站以及心理onomic学会网站www.psychonomic.org/archive下载。
