Lee Kwang Pum, Simpson Stephen J, Clissold Fiona J, Brooks Robert, Ballard J William O, Taylor Phil W, Soran Nazaneen, Raubenheimer David
School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Mathematical Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Feb 19;105(7):2498-503. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0710787105. Epub 2008 Feb 11.
Modest dietary restriction (DR) prolongs life in a wide range of organisms, spanning single-celled yeast to mammals. Here, we report the use of recent techniques in nutrition research to quantify the detailed relationship between diet, nutrient intake, lifespan, and reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster. Caloric restriction (CR) was not responsible for extending lifespan in our experimental flies. Response surfaces for lifespan and fecundity were maximized at different protein-carbohydrate intakes, with longevity highest at a protein-to-carbohydrate ratio of 1:16 and egg-laying rate maximized at 1:2. Lifetime egg production, the measure closest to fitness, was maximized at an intermediate P:C ratio of 1:4. Flies offered a choice of complementary foods regulated intake to maximize lifetime egg production. The results indicate a role for both direct costs of reproduction and other deleterious consequences of ingesting high levels of protein. We unite a body of apparently conflicting work within a common framework and provide a platform for studying aging in all organisms.
适度的饮食限制（DR）能延长从单细胞酵母到哺乳动物等多种生物体的寿命。在此，我们报告利用营养研究中的最新技术来量化黑腹果蝇的饮食、营养摄入、寿命和繁殖之间的详细关系。在我们的实验果蝇中，热量限制（CR）并非延长寿命的原因。寿命和繁殖力的响应面在不同的蛋白质 - 碳水化合物摄入量下达到最大值，蛋白质与碳水化合物比例为1:16时寿命最长，1:2时产卵率最高。最接近适合度的终身产卵量在蛋白质与碳水化合物比例为1:4时达到最大值。提供互补食物选择的果蝇会调节摄入量以最大化终身产卵量。结果表明繁殖的直接成本以及摄入高水平蛋白质的其他有害后果都起到了作用。我们将一系列明显相互矛盾的研究成果整合在一个共同框架内，并为研究所有生物体的衰老提供了一个平台。
