Potteiger Jeffrey A, Kirk Erik P, Jacobsen Dennis J, Donnelly Joseph E
Dept. of Kinesiology and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056-3491, USA.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2008 Feb;18(1):79-95. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.18.1.79.
To determine whether 16 months of moderate-intensity exercise training changes resting metabolic rate (RMR) and substrate oxidation in overweight young adults.
Participants were randomly assigned to nonexercise control (CON, 18 women, 15 men) or exercise (EX, 25 women, 16 men) groups. EX performed supervised and verified exercise 3-5 d/wk, 20-45 min/session, at 60-75% of heart-rate reserve. Body mass and composition, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), RMR, and resting substrate oxidation were assessed at baseline and after 9 and 16 months of training.
EX men had significant decreases from baseline to 9 months in body mass (94.6+/-12.4 to 89.2+/-9.5 kg) and percent fat (28.3+/-4.6 to 24.5+/-3.9). CON women had significant increases in body mass (80.2+/-8.1 to 83.2+/-9.2 kg) from baseline to 16 months. VO2max increased significantly from baseline to 9 months in the EX men (3.67+/-0.62 to 4.34+/-0.58 L/min) and EX women (2.53+/-0.32 to 3.03+/-0.42 L/min). RMR increased from baseline to 9 months in EX women (1,583+/-221 to 1,692+/-230 kcal/d) and EX men (1,995+/-184 to 2,025+/-209 kcal/d). There were no significant differences within genders for either EX or CON in fat or carbohydrate oxidation. Fat oxidation was significantly higher for women than for men at 9 months in both CON and EX groups.
Regular moderate-intensity exercise in healthy, previously sedentary overweight and obese adults increases RMR but does not alter resting substrate oxidation. Women tend to have higher RMR and greater fat oxidation, when expressed per kilogram fat-free mass, than men.
确定16个月的中等强度运动训练是否会改变超重年轻人的静息代谢率（RMR）和底物氧化。
参与者被随机分为非运动对照组（CON，18名女性，15名男性）或运动组（EX，25名女性，16名男性）。运动组每周进行3 - 5天有监督且经核实的运动，每次20 - 45分钟，运动强度为心率储备的60 - 75%。在基线以及训练9个月和16个月后评估体重、身体成分、最大摄氧量（VO2max）、静息代谢率和静息底物氧化。
运动组男性从基线到9个月体重显著下降（从94.6±12.4千克降至89.2±9.5千克），体脂百分比显著下降（从28.3±4.6降至24.5±3.9）。非运动对照组女性从基线到16个月体重显著增加（从80.2±8.1千克增至83.2±9.2千克）。运动组男性从基线到9个月最大摄氧量显著增加（从3.67±0.62升/分钟增至4.34±0.58升/分钟），运动组女性从基线到9个月最大摄氧量显著增加（从2.53±0.32升/分钟增至3.03±0.42升/分钟）。运动组女性从基线到9个月静息代谢率增加（从1583±221千卡/天增至1692±230千卡/天），运动组男性从基线到9个月静息代谢率增加（从1995±184千卡/天增至2025±209千卡/天）。在脂肪或碳水化合物氧化方面对运动组或对照组的男性和女性进行比较，均未发现显著差异。在非运动对照组和运动组中，9个月时女性的脂肪氧化均显著高于男性。
在健康、以前久坐不动的超重和肥胖成年人中，定期进行中等强度运动可提高静息代谢率，但不会改变静息底物氧化。按每千克去脂体重计算，女性往往比男性具有更高的静息代谢率和更大的脂肪氧化。
