Vaile Joanna, Halson Shona, Gill Nicholas, Dawson Brian
Department of Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Belconnen, ACT, Australia.
J Sports Sci. 2008 Mar;26(5):431-40. doi: 10.1080/02640410701567425.
To assess the effect of cold water immersion and active recovery on thermoregulation and repeat cycling performance in the heat, ten well-trained male cyclists completed five trials, each separated by one week. Each trial consisted of a 30-min exercise task, one of five 15-min recoveries (intermittent cold water immersion in 10 degrees C, 15 degrees C and 20 degrees C water, continuous cold water immersion in 20 degrees C water or active recovery), followed by 40 min passive recovery, before repeating the 30-min exercise task. Recovery strategy effectiveness was assessed via changes in total work in the second exercise task compared with that in the first. Following active recovery, a mean 4.1% (s = 1.8) less total work (P = 0.00) was completed in the second than in the first exercise task. However, no significant differences in total work were observed between any of the cold water immersion protocols. Core and skin temperature, blood lactate concentration, heart rate, rating of thermal sensation, and rating of perceived exertion were recorded. During both exercise tasks there were no significant differences in blood lactate concentration between interventions; however, following active recovery blood lactate concentration was significantly lower (P < 0.05; 2.0 +/- 0.8 mmol . l(-1)) compared with all cold water immersion protocols. All cold water immersion protocols were effective in reducing thermal strain and were more effective in maintaining subsequent high-intensity cycling performance than active recovery.
为评估冷水浸泡和主动恢复对热环境下体温调节及重复骑行表现的影响，十名训练有素的男性自行车运动员完成了五项试验，每项试验间隔一周。每项试验包括一项30分钟的运动任务，之后是五种15分钟恢复方式（分别为在10摄氏度、15摄氏度和20摄氏度水中间歇性冷水浸泡、在20摄氏度水中持续性冷水浸泡或主动恢复）之一，接着是40分钟的被动恢复，然后重复30分钟的运动任务。通过比较第二次运动任务与第一次运动任务的总功变化来评估恢复策略的有效性。主动恢复后，第二次运动任务完成的总功比第一次平均少4.1%（标准差 = 1.8）（P = 0.00）。然而，在任何冷水浸泡方案之间，总功均未观察到显著差异。记录了核心体温、皮肤温度、血乳酸浓度、心率、热感觉评分和主观用力程度评分。在两项运动任务期间，各干预措施之间血乳酸浓度无显著差异；然而，与所有冷水浸泡方案相比，主动恢复后血乳酸浓度显著更低（P < 0.05；2.0 ± 0.8 mmol·l⁻¹）。所有冷水浸泡方案在减轻热应激方面均有效，且在维持后续高强度骑行表现方面比主动恢复更有效。
