Franzen Peter L, Siegle Greg J, Buysse Daniel J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA.
J Sleep Res. 2008 Mar;17(1):34-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00635.x.
This pilot study examined the relationships between the effects of sleep deprivation on subjective and objective measures of sleepiness and affect, and psychomotor vigilance performance. Following an adaptation night in the laboratory, healthy young adults were randomly assigned to either a night of total sleep deprivation (SD group; n = 15) or to a night of normal sleep (non-SD group; n = 14) under controlled laboratory conditions. The following day, subjective reports of mood and sleepiness, objective sleepiness (Multiple Sleep Latency Test and spontaneous oscillations in pupil diameter, PUI), affective reactivity/regulation (pupil dilation responses to emotional pictures), and psychomotor vigilance performance (PVT) were measured. Sleep deprivation had a significant impact on all three domains (affect, sleepiness, and vigilance), with significant group differences for eight of the nine outcome measures. Exploratory factor analyses performed across the entire sample and within the SD group alone revealed that the outcomes clustered on three orthogonal dimensions reflecting the method of measurement: physiological measures of sleepiness and affective reactivity/regulation, subjective measures of sleepiness and mood, and vigilance performance. Sleepiness and affective responses to sleep deprivation were associated (although separately for objective and subjective measures). PVT performance was also independent of the sleepiness and affect outcomes. These findings suggest that objective and subjective measures represent distinct entities that should not be assumed to be equivalent. By including affective outcomes in experimental sleep deprivation research, the impact of sleep loss on affective function and their relationship to other neurobehavioral domains can be assessed.
这项初步研究考察了睡眠剥夺对嗜睡和情感的主观及客观测量指标以及心理运动警觉表现的影响之间的关系。在实验室适应一晚后，健康的年轻成年人在受控的实验室条件下被随机分配到整夜完全睡眠剥夺组（SD组；n = 15）或正常睡眠组（非SD组；n = 14）。第二天，测量了情绪和嗜睡的主观报告、客观嗜睡程度（多次睡眠潜伏期测试和瞳孔直径的自发振荡，PUI）、情感反应/调节能力（对情绪图片的瞳孔扩张反应）以及心理运动警觉表现（PVT）。睡眠剥夺对所有三个领域（情感、嗜睡和警觉）都有显著影响，九个结果测量指标中有八个存在显著的组间差异。对整个样本以及仅在SD组内进行的探索性因素分析表明，这些结果聚集在三个正交维度上，反映了测量方法：嗜睡和情感反应/调节的生理测量指标、嗜睡和情绪的主观测量指标以及警觉表现。对睡眠剥夺的嗜睡和情感反应是相关的（尽管客观和主观测量指标是分开的）。PVT表现也独立于嗜睡和情感结果。这些发现表明，客观和主观测量指标代表不同的实体，不应被假定为等同。通过在实验性睡眠剥夺研究中纳入情感结果，可以评估睡眠缺失对情感功能的影响及其与其他神经行为领域的关系。
