Pikkarainen E, Lehtonen-Veromaa M, Kautiainen H, Heinonen O J, Viikari J, Möttönen T
Sports and Exercise Medicine Unit, Department of Physiology, Paavo Nurmi Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2009 Apr;19(2):166-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00773.x. Epub 2008 Feb 17.
The objective of this study was to assess differences in the effects of competitive gymnastics and running on bone mineral content (BMC) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck when compared with their non-competing age-matched controls. Caucasian healthy peri-pubertal girls (52 competing gymnasts, 46 competing runners, 44 non-athletic controls) were included. Weight, height, and type and amount of exercise (MET h/week) as well as BMC of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured repeatedly. Statistical comparisons between groups were made using ANOVA. Repeated measures were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. The median MET value of gymnasts was significantly higher when compared with runners and controls at baseline, P=0.001. The weekly median MET hours decreased during the follow-up. The mean (adjusted for height, weight, and years from menarche in the 7-year follow-up) BMC of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was significantly higher among gymnasts when compared with the other two groups. Group-by-time interaction was significant only at the femoral neck (P=0.048). The type of physical activity was a significant factor in BMC of the adolescent women. Gymnasts had greater BMC at lumbar spine and femoral neck during the total 7-year follow-up period when compared with runners and controls.
本研究的目的是评估与年龄匹配的非竞技对照组相比，竞技体操和跑步对腰椎和股骨颈骨矿物质含量（BMC）的影响差异。纳入了白种人健康的青春期前女孩（52名竞技体操运动员、46名竞技跑步运动员、44名非运动员对照组）。重复测量体重、身高、运动类型和运动量（每周代谢当量小时数）以及腰椎和股骨颈的BMC。使用方差分析进行组间统计比较。使用广义线性混合模型分析重复测量数据。在基线时，体操运动员的代谢当量中位数显著高于跑步运动员和对照组，P = 0.001。在随访期间，每周代谢当量小时数的中位数下降。在7年随访中，调整身高、体重和初潮后年数后，体操运动员腰椎和股骨颈的平均BMC显著高于其他两组。组间时间交互作用仅在股骨颈处显著（P = 0.048）。体育活动类型是青春期女性BMC的一个重要因素。与跑步运动员和对照组相比，体操运动员在整个7年随访期间腰椎和股骨颈的BMC更高。
