一项关于女性青少年体操运动员骨量和身体成分的前瞻性研究。
A prospective study of bone mass and body composition in female adolescent gymnasts.
作者信息
Laing Emma M, Massoni Jennifer A, Nickols-Richardson Sharon M, Modlesky Christopher M, O'Connor Patrick J, Lewis Richard D
机构信息
Department of Foods and Nutrition, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
出版信息
J Pediatr. 2002 Aug;141(2):211-6. doi: 10.1067/mpd.2002.126599.
OBJECTIVE
To examine changes in bone and body composition of adolescent female artistic gymnasts (GYM; n = 7), level 5+, compared with nongymnast controls (CON; n = 10) over 3 years.
STUDY DESIGN
Areal bone mineral density (aBMD; g/cm(2)), bone mineral content (BMC; g) and bone area (cm(2)), of the total body (TB), total proximal femur (TPF), trochanter (Tr), femoral neck, lumbar spine (LS), and distal radius were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fat-free soft tissue mass (FFST; g), fat mass (g), and percent body fat (%FAT) were also assessed.
RESULTS
No initial differences in height or weight between GYM and CON were observed, and both groups demonstrated parallel increases in these parameters over time (P <.05; h(2) >or=0.15). At baseline, GYM possessed significantly lower %FAT and higher aBMD at all sites (except TB; P <.05; h(2) >or=0.15). Over 3 years, GYM increased more than CON (P <.05; eta (2) >or=0.15) in TB, Tr, and TPF aBMD, TB and LS BMC, and FFST.
CONCLUSION
Female adolescents participating in competitive artistic gymnastics training over 3 years have enhanced rates of aBMD, BMC and FFST accrual.
目的
研究5级及以上青少年女子艺术体操运动员（GYM组，n = 7）与非体操对照组（CON组，n = 10）在3年期间骨骼和身体成分的变化。
研究设计
采用双能X线吸收法测量全身（TB）、股骨近端总体（TPF）、大转子（Tr）、股骨颈、腰椎（LS）和桡骨远端的面积骨密度（aBMD，g/cm²）、骨矿物质含量（BMC，g）和骨面积（cm²）。还评估了去脂软组织质量（FFST，g）、脂肪量（g）和体脂百分比（%FAT）。
结果
GYM组和CON组在身高或体重方面最初未观察到差异，且两组这些参数随时间均呈平行增加（P <.05；h²≥0.15）。基线时，GYM组在所有部位（除TB外）的%FAT显著较低，aBMD较高（P <.05；h²≥0.15）。在3年期间，GYM组在TB、Tr和TPF的aBMD、TB和LS的BMC以及FFST方面的增加幅度大于CON组（P <.05；η²≥0.15）。
结论
参与3年竞技艺术体操训练的青少年女性，其aBMD、BMC和FFST的累积率有所提高。
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