Löwenheim H, Waldhaus J, Hirt B, Sandke S, Müller M
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Strasse 5, 72076 Tübingen, Deutschland.
HNO. 2008 Mar;56(3):288-300. doi: 10.1007/s00106-008-1689-y.
Regenerative medicine offers the prospect of causal treatment of sensorineural hearing loss. In humans, the loss of sensory hair cells is irreversible and results in chronic hearing loss. Other vertebrates, particularly birds, have the capability to spontaneously regenerate lost sensory hair cells and restore hearing. In the bird model, regeneration of hair cells is based on the proliferation of supporting cells. In mammals, supporting cells have lost their proliferative capacity and are terminally differentiated. To gain an understanding about regeneration of hair cells in mammals, cell division of supporting cells has to be controlled. Gene disruption of the cell cycle inhibitor p27(Kip1) allows supporting cell proliferation in the organ of Corti in vivo. Furthermore, in vitro studies indicate that newly generated cells may differentiate into hair cells after p27(Kip1) disruption. Other current methods to induce hair cell regeneration include the gene transfer of Math1 and transplantation of stem cells to the inner ear.
再生医学为感音神经性听力损失的病因治疗带来了希望。在人类中，感觉毛细胞的丧失是不可逆的，并导致慢性听力损失。其他脊椎动物，特别是鸟类，具有自发再生失去的感觉毛细胞并恢复听力的能力。在鸟类模型中，毛细胞的再生基于支持细胞的增殖。在哺乳动物中，支持细胞已经失去了它们的增殖能力并终末分化。为了了解哺乳动物中毛细胞的再生，必须控制支持细胞的细胞分裂。细胞周期抑制剂p27（Kip1）的基因破坏可使体内柯蒂氏器中的支持细胞增殖。此外，体外研究表明，在p27（Kip1）破坏后，新产生的细胞可能分化为毛细胞。目前其他诱导毛细胞再生的方法包括Math1的基因转移和干细胞向内耳的移植。
