Chen C M, Zhao W, Yang Z, Zhai Y, Wu Y, Kong L
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Obes Rev. 2008 Mar;9 Suppl 1:100-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00448.x.
Using the dietary intake and chronic disease condition data of 39,843 adults aged over 18 years old from the 2002 National Nutrition and Health Survey in China (2002 CNHS) logistic regression analysis was applied to calculate the odd ratios (ORs) of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia for the various dietary patterns of the subjects. The higher percentage of energy intake from cereals was significantly associated with lower body mass index (BMI), lower total serum cholesterol (TC) and lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), while it was significantly associated with lower risk of overweight/obesity, hypertension, high TC, high serum triglycerides (TG) and high LDL-C, but the prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in the cluster of subjects with cereal energy share more than 75%. The higher percentage of energy intake of fat was related to higher BMI, higher TC and higher LDL-C which were associated with a high risk of overweight/obesity, hypertension, TC and TG. The study confirmed the important role of dietary pattern in chronic disease control. In particular, an optimum energy contributed from cereals ranged from 55% to 65% of total dietary energy intake and dietary fat energy share no more than 30% which should be the focus of preventive measures.
利用2002年中国国家营养与健康调查（2002 CNHS）中39843名18岁以上成年人的膳食摄入和慢性病状况数据，采用逻辑回归分析计算受试者不同膳食模式下高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的比值比（OR）。谷类能量摄入占比越高，与较低的体重指数（BMI）、较低的血清总胆固醇（TC）和较低的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）显著相关，同时与超重/肥胖、高血压、高TC、高血清甘油三酯（TG）和高LDL-C的风险较低显著相关，但谷类能量占比超过75%的受试者群体中体重不足的患病率显著更高。脂肪能量摄入占比越高，与较高的BMI、较高的TC和较高的LDL-C相关，这些与超重/肥胖、高血压、TC和TG的高风险相关。该研究证实了膳食模式在慢性病控制中的重要作用。特别是，谷类提供的最佳能量占膳食总能量摄入的55%至65%，膳食脂肪能量占比不超过30%，这应是预防措施的重点。
