Qiu Liqian, Zhao Yun, Binns Colin W, Lee Andy H, Xie Xing
Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, PR China.
School of Public Health, Curtin University, WA, Australia.
Int Breastfeed J. 2008 Mar 3;3:4. doi: 10.1186/1746-4358-3-4.
Breastfeeding is the basis for appropriate nutrition for infants and is strongly supported by the Ministry of Health in China. However, there are differences in infant feeding practices in different areas of the country. The aim of this study was to compare the infant feeding practices and the prevalence of determinants of initiation and continuing to breastfeed until six months of age in city, suburb and rural areas in Zhejiang Province, PRC.
A longitudinal cohort study of infant feeding practices was undertaken in city, suburban and rural areas in 2004/2005. Mothers were recruited and interviewed before discharge from hospitals. A total of 1520 mothers were recruited into the study. Follow-up interviews were administered at 1, 3 and 6 months after birth to obtain details of infant feeding practices.
'Any breastfeeding' rates were high before discharge at all three locations, 96.5% in city, 96.8% in suburb and 97.4% in the rural area. The 'exclusive breastfeeding' rates in the city, suburban and rural areas before discharge were 38.0%, 63.4% and 61.0% respectively. By sixth months the 'any breastfeeding' rates had declined to 62.8%, 76.9% and 83.6% and the 'exclusive breastfeeding' rates had fallen to 0.2%, 0.5% and 7.2% in city, suburb and rural areas respectively. There were differences in feeding practices between the three locations, including the use of prelacteal feeds and the introduction of supplementary feeds.
Mothers who lived in the city were least likely to be 'exclusive breastfeeding' at discharge. At six months the city infants also had lower rates of 'any breastfeeding' and 'exclusive breastfeeding'.
母乳喂养是婴儿获得适宜营养的基础，在中国得到了卫生部的大力支持。然而，中国不同地区的婴儿喂养方式存在差异。本研究的目的是比较中华人民共和国浙江省城市、郊区和农村地区的婴儿喂养方式以及纯母乳喂养至6个月的决定因素的流行情况。
2004/2005年在城市、郊区和农村地区开展了一项关于婴儿喂养方式的纵向队列研究。在母亲出院前招募并对其进行访谈。共有1520名母亲纳入本研究。在婴儿出生后1、3和6个月进行随访访谈，以获取婴儿喂养方式的详细信息。
所有三个地点在出院前“任何形式母乳喂养”的比例都很高，城市为96.5%，郊区为96.8%，农村地区为97.4%。城市、郊区和农村地区出院前的“纯母乳喂养”比例分别为38.0%、63.4%和61.0%。到6个月时，城市、郊区和农村地区的“任何形式母乳喂养”比例分别降至62.8%、76.9%和83.6%，“纯母乳喂养”比例分别降至0.2%、0.5%和7.2%。三个地点的喂养方式存在差异，包括初乳前喂养的使用和补充喂养的引入。
居住在城市的母亲在出院时进行“纯母乳喂养”的可能性最小。6个月时，城市婴儿的“任何形式母乳喂养”和“纯母乳喂养”比例也较低。
