Ayinde Buniyamin A, Omogbai Eric K I, Amaechina Fabian C
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
Acta Pol Pharm. 2007 Nov-Dec;64(6):543-6.
There is already a literature report on the anti-ulcer effect of water extract of Ficus exasperata. Some communities in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria use the decoction of the leaf as hypotensive crude drug. Verification of this claim and also the microscopy and other pharmacognostic parameters which can be used to establish the identity of the leaf were carried out. The microscopy of the leaf powder revealed the presence of straight walled epidermal cells, cone or nail shaped trichomes or epidermal hairs, clustered or prismatic calcium oxalate crystals of varying dimensions. The percentage weight loss on drying was 9.84 +/- 0.08 whereas water and alcohol extractive values were 5.29 +/- 0.07 and 2.21 +/- 0.11, respectively. The ash value was 30.68 +/- 0.44 whereas the acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash values were 17.87 +/- 0.37 and 16.73 +/- 0.13, respectively. Preliminary phytochemistry of leaf showed that it contains tannins, flavonoids and saponins with no traces of alkaloids or anthraquinones. The water extract showed a dose related reduction in mean arterial blood pressure. At 10 mg/kg, a reduction of 16.6 +/- 1.1 mmHg was observed, whereas at 30 mg/kg, a fall in mean arterial pressure of 38.3 +/- 0.6 mmHg was obtained. The hypotensive effect of the extract was significantly reduced with a prior administration of 2.5 mg of either atropine or chlorpheniramine. This suggests the probable stimulation of muscarinic receptors in the heart or release of histamine into the circulatory system thereby causing the initial fall in blood pressure.
关于粗叶榕水提取物的抗溃疡作用已有文献报道。尼日利亚江户州和三角州的一些社区将该树叶的煎剂用作降血压的天然药物。对这一说法以及可用于确定树叶身份的显微镜检查和其他生药学参数进行了验证。树叶粉末的显微镜检查显示存在直壁表皮细胞、锥形或钉状毛状体或表皮毛、不同尺寸的簇状或棱柱状草酸钙晶体。干燥失重百分比为9.84±0.08，而水提取物和醇提取物的值分别为5.29±0.07和2.21±0.11。灰分值为30.68±0.44，而酸不溶性灰分和水溶性灰分值分别为17.87±0.37和16.73±0.13。树叶的初步植物化学分析表明，它含有单宁、黄酮类化合物和皂苷，没有生物碱或蒽醌的痕迹。水提取物显示平均动脉血压呈剂量相关下降。在10mg/kg时，观察到血压下降16.6±1.1mmHg，而在30mg/kg时，平均动脉压下降38.3±0.6mmHg。预先给予阿托品或氯苯那敏2.5mg后，提取物的降压作用显著降低。这表明可能刺激了心脏中的毒蕈碱受体或组胺释放到循环系统中，从而导致血压最初下降。
