Harris Celia B, Paterson Helen M, Kemp Richard I
Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Memory. 2008 Apr;16(3):213-30. doi: 10.1080/09658210701811862.
Studies of collective memory have traditionally been the domain of philosophers and sociologists, while cognitive psychologists have largely investigated memory at the level of the individual. However, within cognitive psychology there is a variety of psychological theories and experimental paradigms that have been used to study the process and outcomes of remembering in groups. In this paper we review the research on group remembering and draw together findings from different traditions. In doing so, we aim to answer a series of questions about the outcomes and consequences of recalling in groups, and the particular features of groups and of memories that may be conducive to the formation of a collective memory. In clarifying what we know and what is yet to be studied about group memory, we point the way forward for a cognitive psychological study of collective memory.
传统上，集体记忆的研究一直是哲学家和社会学家的领域，而认知心理学家主要在个体层面研究记忆。然而，在认知心理学领域内，有各种各样的心理学理论和实验范式被用于研究群体记忆的过程和结果。在本文中，我们回顾了关于群体记忆的研究，并汇总了不同传统研究的结果。在此过程中，我们旨在回答一系列关于群体回忆的结果和影响，以及群体和记忆的特定特征（这些特征可能有助于形成集体记忆）的问题。在阐明我们对群体记忆已知和未知的内容时，我们为集体记忆的认知心理学研究指明了方向。
