Guéguen Yann, Lestaevel Philippe, Grandcolas Line, Baudelin Cédric, Grison Stéphane, Jourdain Jean-René, Gourmelon Patrick, Souidi Maâmar
Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Direction de la RadioProtection de l'Homme, Service de Radiobiologie et d'Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de RadioToxicologie Expérimentale, IRSN, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2008 Mar;8(1):33-40. doi: 10.1007/s12012-008-9013-3. Epub 2008 Mar 8.
Cardiovascular system impairment has been observed in children and in liquidators exposed to the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. No experimental studies of animals have analyzed whether these disorders might be attributed to chronic ingestion of low levels of cesium 137 ((137)Cs). Biochemical, physiological, and molecular markers of the cardiovascular system were analyzed in rats exposed through drinking water to (137)Cs at a dose of 500 Bq kg(-1) (6500 Bq l(-1)). Plasma concentrations of CK and CK-MB were higher (+52%, P < 0.05) in contaminated rats. No histological alteration of the heart was observed, but gene expression was modified in the atria. Specifically, levels of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) and BNP (brain natriuretic peptide) gene expression increased significantly (P < 0.05). ECG analysis did not disclose any arrhythmia except ST- and RT-segment shortening (-9% and -11%, respectively, P < 0.05) in rats exposed to (137)Cs. Mean blood pressure decreased (-10%, P < 0.05), and its circadian rhythm disappeared. Overall, chronic contamination by an extreme environmental dose of (137)Cs for 3 months did not result in cardiac morphological changes, but the cardiovascular system impairments we observed could develop into more significant changes in sensitive animals or after longer contamination.
在切尔诺贝利核电站事故中接触辐射的儿童和清理人员身上，已观察到心血管系统受损的情况。尚无动物实验研究分析这些紊乱是否可能归因于长期摄入低水平的铯137（¹³⁷Cs）。对通过饮用水接触剂量为500贝克勒尔/千克（6500贝克勒尔/升）¹³⁷Cs的大鼠的心血管系统的生化、生理和分子标志物进行了分析。受污染大鼠的血浆肌酸激酶（CK）和肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）浓度更高（升高了52%，P<0.05）。未观察到心脏的组织学改变，但心房中的基因表达发生了变化。具体而言，血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）和脑钠肽（BNP）基因表达水平显著增加（P<0.05）。心电图分析未发现任何心律失常，但接触¹³⁷Cs的大鼠出现ST段和RT段缩短（分别缩短9%和11%，P<0.05）。平均血压下降（下降10%，P<0.05），其昼夜节律消失。总体而言，极端环境剂量的¹³⁷Cs持续3个月的慢性污染并未导致心脏形态变化，但我们观察到的心血管系统损伤在敏感动物中或污染时间更长后可能会发展为更显著的变化。
