Bohon Cara, Stice Eric, Burton Emily, Fudell Molly, Nolen-Hoeksema Susan
University of Texas, USA.
Behav Ther. 2008 Mar;39(1):79-90. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2007.05.003. Epub 2007 Oct 22.
This study sought to provide a more rigorous prospective test of two cognitive vulnerability models of depression with longitudinal data from 496 adolescent girls. Results supported the cognitive vulnerability model in that stressors predicted future increases in depressive symptoms and onset of clinically significant major depression for individuals with a negative attributional style, but not for those with a positive attributional style, although these effects were small. This model appeared to be specific to depression, in that it did not predict future increases in bulimia nervosa or substance abuse symptoms. In contrast, results did not support the integrated cognitive vulnerability self-esteem model that asserts stressors should only predict increased depression for individuals with a confluence of negative attributional style and low self-esteem, and this model did not appear to be specific to depression.
本研究旨在利用来自496名青春期女孩的纵向数据，对两种抑郁症认知易感性模型进行更严格的前瞻性检验。结果支持了认知易感性模型，即压力源可预测具有消极归因风格个体未来抑郁症状的增加以及临床上显著的重度抑郁症的发作，但对于具有积极归因风格的个体则不然，尽管这些影响较小。该模型似乎是抑郁症特有的，因为它并未预测神经性贪食症或药物滥用症状未来的增加。相比之下，结果并不支持综合认知易感性自尊模型，该模型认为压力源仅应预测具有消极归因风格和低自尊相结合个体的抑郁症增加，且该模型似乎并非抑郁症特有的。
