Perry Juliana C, D'Almeida Vânia, Lima Marcelo M S, Godoi Francisco R L, Vital Maria Aparecida B F, Oliveira Maria Gabriela M, Tufik Sergio
Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Behav Brain Res. 2008 Jun 3;189(2):373-80. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.01.014. Epub 2008 Feb 5.
The present study evaluated the effects of intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep restriction (SR) upon motor and cognitive function in rats. Also evaluated were catecholamine concentrations and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein expression in different regions of the forebrain. Wistar Hannover rats were submitted to IH for 4 days or 21 days (2 min room air to 2 min 10% O(2) for 10:00-16:00 h), followed by SR for 18 h (16:00-10:00 h). Rats were randomly assigned into four experimental groups: (1) control (2) IH (3) SR and (4) IH-SR. In the inhibitory avoidance task, an additional group of rats was submitted to paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) for 96 consecutive hours. Results showed that SR induced an increase in motor activity without modifying catecholaminergic turnover in the frontal cortex and striatum. The increase in exploratory activity in SR rats could be the result of impaired habituation. Neither SR periods induced cognitive deficits in the inhibitory avoidance task after 5 or 21 days. However, 96 h of PSD impaired acquisition/retention in rats. Exposure to IH did not affect motor and cognitive function but IH was associated with SR in increased motor activity. After 21 days, IH and IH-SR reduced striatal norepinephrine concentration although neither SR nor IH affected TH protein expression. The results presented here suggest that hypoxia and sleep loss exert distinct deleterious effects upon the central nervous system.
本研究评估了间歇性低氧（IH）和睡眠限制（SR）对大鼠运动和认知功能的影响。同时还评估了前脑不同区域的儿茶酚胺浓度和酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）蛋白表达。将Wistar Hannover大鼠进行4天或21天的间歇性低氧处理（在10:00 - 16:00期间，2分钟常氧与2分钟10%氧气交替），随后进行18小时的睡眠限制（16:00 - 10:00）。大鼠被随机分为四个实验组：（1）对照组；（2）间歇性低氧组；（3）睡眠限制组；（4）间歇性低氧 - 睡眠限制组。在抑制性回避任务中，另一组大鼠连续96小时进行异相睡眠剥夺（PSD）。结果显示，睡眠限制导致运动活动增加，而额叶皮质和纹状体中的儿茶酚胺能代谢未发生改变。睡眠限制组大鼠探索活动的增加可能是习惯化受损的结果。在5天或21天后，两种睡眠限制周期均未在抑制性回避任务中诱导认知缺陷。然而，96小时的异相睡眠剥夺损害了大鼠的习得/记忆保持。暴露于间歇性低氧并未影响运动和认知功能，但间歇性低氧与睡眠限制共同作用使运动活动增加。21天后，间歇性低氧组和间歇性低氧 - 睡眠限制组的纹状体去甲肾上腺素浓度降低，尽管睡眠限制和间歇性低氧均未影响TH蛋白表达。此处呈现的结果表明，缺氧和睡眠缺失对中枢神经系统产生不同的有害影响。
