大麻对大脑的影响：它会导致大脑异常从而增加患精神分裂症的风险吗？
The effect of cannabis on the brain: can it cause brain anomalies that lead to increased risk for schizophrenia?
作者信息
DeLisi Lynn E
机构信息
New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2008 Mar;21(2):140-50. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3282f51266.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review explores what is known about the association of cannabis with schizophrenia, its effects on the brain, and whether the brain changes known to be present in schizophrenia could be caused by cannabis and thus lead to a psychosis.
RECENT FINDINGS
The heavy use of cannabis is known to be associated with some adverse consequences, such as the occurrence of acute psychotic episodes and the development of chronic schizophrenia in some people even after its use has terminated. Recent studies have produced controversy about whether cannabis in heavy use can cause irreversible brain damage, particularly to adolescents, and thus whether a chronic psychosis could be a result of brain changes caused by cannabis.
SUMMARY
From the evidence that exists, it appears that the above view is unlikely and that cannabis may even have benign effects on brain structure, not producing deleterious damage. Its neurochemical interactions with the dopaminergic pathway, however, may, particularly in genetically vulnerable individuals, have adverse consequences.
综述目的
本综述探讨了大麻与精神分裂症之间的关联、其对大脑的影响，以及精神分裂症中已知存在的大脑变化是否可能由大麻引起并进而导致精神病。
最新发现
已知大量使用大麻会带来一些不良后果，例如急性精神病发作的出现，以及一些人即使在停止使用大麻后仍会发展为慢性精神分裂症。最近的研究引发了关于大量使用大麻是否会导致不可逆转的脑损伤，尤其是对青少年而言，以及慢性精神病是否可能是由大麻引起的大脑变化所致的争议。
总结
从现有证据来看，上述观点似乎不太可能成立，大麻甚至可能对脑结构有良性影响，不会造成有害损害。然而，其与多巴胺能通路的神经化学相互作用，可能尤其在基因易感性个体中，会产生不良后果。
Zotero 插件