Cook H L, Patel P J, Tufail A
Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK.
Br Med Bull. 2008;85:127-49. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldn012.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blind registration in Western Europe and the third leading cause of blindness worldwide.
The management of AMD is discussed with a review of current and new treatments.
Although there is no treatment for advanced dry AMD (geographic atrophy), there have been considerable advances in the management of neovascular AMD (nAMD). Established therapies for nAMD include laser photocoagulation and photodynamic therapy (PDT), but these have largely been superseded by agents which block the action of vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF agents). Current preventative strategies involve cessation of smoking and use of specific nutritional supplements to reduce the risk of developing nAMD.
There have been exciting advances in the treatment of nAMD and increased understanding of the genetics and pathogenic mechanisms involved will hopefully lead to the development of new therapies in the future.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是西欧导致失明登记的主要原因，也是全球第三大致盲原因。
通过回顾当前及新的治疗方法来讨论AMD的管理。
尽管晚期干性AMD（地图状萎缩）尚无治疗方法，但新生血管性AMD（nAMD）的管理已取得了相当大的进展。nAMD的既定疗法包括激光光凝和光动力疗法（PDT），但这些疗法在很大程度上已被阻断血管内皮生长因子作用的药物（抗VEGF药物）所取代。当前的预防策略包括戒烟和使用特定的营养补充剂以降低发生nAMD的风险。
nAMD的治疗已取得了令人振奋的进展，对相关遗传学和致病机制的进一步了解有望在未来带来新疗法的开发。
