Kang'ethe E K, Ekuttan C E, Kimani V N, Kiragu M W
Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya.
East Afr Med J. 2007 Nov;84(11 Suppl):S96-100. doi: 10.4314/eamj.v84i11.9583.
To explore the knowledge, attitudes and practices of dairy and non-dairy farming households in Dagoretti in regard to the risk posed by bovine brucellosis and determine the prevalence of the disease in urban dairy cattle.
A cross sectional study.
Urban and Peri-urban dairy farming and non dairy farming households in Dagoretti division, Nairobi.
Two hundred ninety nine dairy farming and 149 non dairy farming households.
Segregated focus group discussions, administration of a household questionnaire and collection of unboiled milk from dairy and non dairy farming households were the instruments used to gather data on the practices, attitudes, perceptions and prevalence of bovine brucellosis.
Three hundred and ninety three milk samples were collected and analysed for the presence of antibodies to Brucella abortus in an indirect ELISA. The apparent prevalence of bovine brucellosis from milk was estimated at 1% for the samples collected while in dairy farming households the prevalence was 1.1% [0.2, 3.4%] and 0.7% [0.4%] in non dairy farming households.. Thirty percent (90/296) of dairy respondents and 22% (32/147) of non-dairy respondents knew of the existence of brucellosis. Risk of contracting brucellosis was very low considering that milk is boiled together with other ingredients used in making tea and porridge. However, 31% (93/296) and 22% (31/143) of dairy and non dairy farming households respectively made traditionally fermented milk without first boiling the milk. This practice may predispose this group to brucellosis.
The low prevalence of bovine brucellosis requires constant surveillance in case the prevalence rates do change. Education of dairy farming households who are more at risk of contracting brucellosis on the transmission pathways and risk factors is required in order to lower further the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Dagoretti.
探讨达戈雷蒂地区奶牛养殖户和非奶牛养殖户对牛布鲁氏菌病风险的认知、态度和做法，并确定城市奶牛中该病的患病率。
横断面研究。
内罗毕达戈雷蒂分区的城市和城郊奶牛养殖及非奶牛养殖家庭。
299户奶牛养殖户和149户非奶牛养殖户。
采用分组焦点讨论、发放家庭问卷以及从奶牛养殖户和非奶牛养殖户收集未煮沸牛奶的方式，收集有关牛布鲁氏菌病的做法、态度、认知及患病率的数据。
共收集393份牛奶样本，通过间接酶联免疫吸附测定法分析其中是否存在抗流产布鲁氏菌抗体。所采集样本中牛布鲁氏菌病的表观患病率估计为1%，其中奶牛养殖户的患病率为1.1%[0.2, 3.4%]，非奶牛养殖户的患病率为0.7%[0.4%]。30%（90/296）的奶牛养殖户受访者和22%（32/147）的非奶牛养殖户受访者知晓布鲁氏菌病的存在。考虑到牛奶是与制作茶和粥所用的其他食材一起煮沸的，感染布鲁氏菌病的风险非常低。然而，分别有31%（93/296）的奶牛养殖户和22%（31/143）的非奶牛养殖户制作传统发酵牛奶时未先将牛奶煮沸。这种做法可能使该群体易患布鲁氏菌病。
牛布鲁氏菌病患病率较低，但需持续监测以防患病率发生变化。有必要对感染布鲁氏菌病风险更高的奶牛养殖户进行关于传播途径和风险因素的教育，以进一步降低达戈雷蒂地区牛布鲁氏菌病的患病率。
