Erdman Laura K, Kain Kevin C
McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, McLaughlin Centre for Molecular Medicine, MaRS Centre, 101 College Street, Suite 10-401, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G1L7.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2008 Jan-Mar;6(1-2):82-99. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2007.10.001. Epub 2007 Nov 19.
Malaria is the most devastating parasitic infection in the world, annually causing over 1 million deaths and extensive morbidity. The global burden of malaria has increased over the last several decades, as have rates of imported malaria into non-endemic regions. Rapid and accurate diagnostics are a crucial component of malaria control strategies, and epidemiological surveillance is required to monitor trends in malaria prevalence and antimalarial drug resistance. Conventional malaria diagnostic and surveillance tools can be cumbersome and slow with limitations in both sensitivity and specificity. New molecular techniques have been developed in an attempt to overcome these restrictions. These molecular techniques are discussed with regard to their technical advantages and disadvantages, with an emphasis on the practicality of implementation in malaria-endemic and non-endemic regions.
疟疾是世界上最具毁灭性的寄生虫感染疾病，每年导致超过100万人死亡，并引发广泛的发病情况。在过去几十年里，全球疟疾负担有所增加，输入非流行地区的疟疾发病率也在上升。快速准确的诊断是疟疾控制策略的关键组成部分，需要进行流行病学监测以监测疟疾流行趋势和抗疟药物耐药性。传统的疟疾诊断和监测工具可能繁琐且缓慢，在敏感性和特异性方面都存在局限性。人们已开发出新的分子技术来试图克服这些限制。本文将讨论这些分子技术的技术优缺点，重点是在疟疾流行地区和非流行地区实施的实用性。
